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. 2022 Mar 1;13:817542. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.817542

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Copyright © 2022 Yu, Meng, Fang, Liu, Cheng, Xu, Liu, Li, Xue, Li, Sun and Chen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Empagliflozin inhibited gluconeogenesis and promoted glycogen synthesis in HL7702 cells. (A) Glucose production levels (n = 3 samples/group). (B) PEPCK and G6Pase activities (n = 3 samples/group). (C) Relative mRNA expression levels of PEPCK, G6PASE, FBP1, and PCX were measured by RT-PCR (n = 3 samples/group). (D) Relative protein expression levels of PEPCK and G6PASE were determined by western blotting (n = 3 samples/group). (E) Protein quantitative statistics (n = 3 samples/group). (F) PAS staining, scale bar = 100 μm (n = 6 samples/group). (G) Relative protein expression levels of p-AMPK, AMPK, p-GSK3β, GSK3β, p-CREB, and CREB were determined by western blotting. (H) Protein quantitative statistics (n = 3 samples/group). *P < 0.05, PA vs. PA+Empa; ^#P < 0.05, NC vs. PA. Arrows indicate the areas of focus for PAS staining.