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. 2022 Mar 1;13:837634. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.837634

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Copyright © 2022 Almquist, Eriksen, Wilhelmsen, Hamarsland, Ing, Ellefsen, Sandbakk, Rønnestad and Skovereng.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Experimental design and training load (iTRIMP) during a 4-week (Post4) and 12-week (Post12) intervention of either traditional periodization (TP, panel A) or blocked periodization (BP, panel B) of endurance training among 26 trained cyclists. Test day 1 (T1) included a blood lactate profile test, a peak oxygen uptake (VO_2peak)-test and a 5-min time-trial (TT) performance test. Test day 2 (T2) included muscle biopsies, a 40-min TT and measurement of hemoglobin mass. Mean power output (PO) and % of peak heart rate (%HR_peak) on the first and last moderate intensity training (MIT)- and high intensity training (HIT)-exercises of each mesocycle of 4 weeks are presented above the training load. Data are mean ± 95%CI. *Indicates a significant difference from the first MIT or HIT exercise (p < 0.05). § indicates a significant difference in HIT-load between TP and BP (p < 0.05). LIT, low-intensity training; MIT, moderate-intensity training; HIT, high-intensity training; Hb-mass, hemoglobin mass; and iTRIMP, individualized training impulse.