TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics for studies included in the meta-analysis.
| Study | Region | Study design | Study period | Total number of aspirin/no-aspirin users | HCC number of aspirin/no-aspirin users | Liver disease status | Reason for aspirin | Primary outcome (HR, 95% CI) | Secondary outcome (HR, 95% CI) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Incidence | Recurrence | Mortality | ||||||||
| Jacobs et al. (2012)41 | America | RC | 1997–2018 | 23869/76270 | 22/15 | NA | NA | NA | NA | 0.52 (0.30–0.93) |
| Sahasrabuddhe et al. (2012)21 | America | PC | 1995–2008 | 219291/81213 | 159/90 | NA | NA | 0.59 (0.45–0.77) | NA | NA |
| Yeh et al. (2014)44 | Taiwan | RC | 01/1997-12/2010 | 377/15197 | 9812/5762 | Curative liver resection | NA | NA | 0.82 (0.64–1.06) | NA |
| Petrick et al. (2015)20 | America | RC | 1985–2010 | 477470/606663 | 368/313 | NA | NA | 0.68 (0.57–0.81) | NA | NA |
| Li et al. (2016)42 | Chinese (Mainland) | RC | 01/2008-12/2013 | 60/60 | 60/60 | unresectable HCC | treatment of cardiovascular disease, transient ischemic attack, and arthritis | NA | NA | 0.498 (0.28–0.888) |
| Yang et al. (2016)22 | Britain | RCC | 1988–2011 | 1670/4165 | 376/819 | NA | NA | 1.11 (0.86–1.44) | NA | NA |
| Hwang et al. (2018)19 | Korea | RC | 01/2007-12/2013 | 64782/395973 | 382/1954 | NA | NA | 0.87 (0.77–0.98) | NA | NA |
| Simon et al. (2018)36 | America | PC | 1980–2012 | 58855/74516 | NA | NA | Headache, musculoskeletal pain and primary cardiovascular disease prevention (NHS), and cardiovascular disease risk reduction, pain, and headache (HPFS) | 0.51 (0.34–0.77) | NA | NA |
| Du et al. (2019)40 | Chinese (Mainland) | RC | 01/2000-12/2014 | 59/205 | NA | HBV, HCV, cirrhotic, after splenectomy | Postoperative long-term low-dose aspirin administration | 0.16 (0.04–0.88) | NA | 0.281 (0.049–0.96) |
| Lee et al. (2019)34 | Taiwan | RC | 01/1997-12/2012 | 2123/8492 | NA | HBV | antiplatelet therapy for cardiovascular diseases | 0.71 (0.58–0.86) | NA | NA |
| Tsoi et al. (2019)35 | Chinese (Mainland) | RC | 2000–2013 | 204170/408339 | 1984/7386 | NA | to prevent cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases | 0.49 (0.45–0.53) | NA | NA |
| Young et al. (2019)43 | Taiwan | RC | 10/2007-05/2014 | 15/415 | 15/32 | HBV, curative resection of HCC | coronary artery disease, type 2 diabetes mellitus or before the surgery of HCC | NA | 0.221 (0.054–0.915) | 0.582 (0.143–2.365) |
| Liao et al. (2020)37 | Taiwan | RC | 2000–2012 | 1911/1911 | 131/147 | HCV | treated with aspirin | 0.56 (0.43–0.72) | NA | NA |
| Shen et al. (2020)24 | America | RCC | 01/2011-02/2016 | 676/1129 | 186/466 | NA | NA | 0.39 (0.30–0.52) | NA | NA |
| Shin et al. (2020)38 | Korea | RC | 08/2003-05/2016 | 224/725 | NA | alcoholic cirrhosis | aspirin therapy | 0.14 (0.09–0.22) | NA | NA |
| Simon et al. (2020)39 | Sweden | RCC | 07/2005-12/2013 | 14205/36070 | 338/1274 | HBV, HCV | cardiovascular prevention | 0.69 (0.62–0.76) | NA | 0.73 (0.67–0.81) |
PC, prospective cohort; RC, retrospective cohort; RCC, retrospective case-control; HCC, hepatocellular carcinoma; HBV, hepatitis B virus; HCV, hepatitis C virus; HR, hazard ratio; CI, confidence interval; NA, not available.