Table 1.
Epidemiological and Clinical Characteristics of the Study Populationa
| Characteristics | Control (n = 30) | ART Naive (n = 30) | ART Exposed (n = 30) | EC (n = 30) | VC (n = 30) | P Value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age | 36.0 [29.0–41.0] | 41.0 [32.0–52.0] | 52.0 [43.0–56.0] | 52.5 [43.5–57.2] | 50.5 [38.5–54.2] | <.001 |
| Sex (male) | 50.0 (15) | 71.0 (22) | 66.7 (20) | 50.0 (15) | 56.7 (17) | n.s. |
| Year of HIV diagnosis | NA | 2017 [2017–2018] | 2004 [1997–2011] | 1996 [1986–2004] | 2003 [1990–2008] | <.001 |
| Days since HIV diagnosis | NA | 7 [0–64] | 4803 [2316–7373] | 5246 [2048–8249] | 2347 [787–7421] | <.001 |
| HIV viral load (copies/mL) | NA | 27 450 [9700–110 000] | ND | ND [35–50] | 361 [85–788] | <.001 |
| CD4 (cells/µL) | 842 [712–1018] | 456 [267–657] | 827 [609–1071] | 830 [519–1077] | 670 [540–1100] | <.001 |
| CD8 (cells/µL) | 474 [404–653] | 983 [730–1284] | 824 [512–933] | 855 [637–1133] | 925 [718–1177] | <.001 |
| CD4/CD8 ratio | 1.6 [1.4–2.1] | 0.4 [0.2–0.7] | 1 [0.8–1.3] | 0.9 [0.6–1] | 0.8 [0.7–1] | <.001 |
| Platelet (cells/µL) | 246 [211–275] | 219 [186–257] | 212 [192–245] | n.a | n.a | n.s |
| Neutrophils (cells/µL) | 3.40 [2.70–4.73] | 2.64 [1.91–3.21] | 3.67 [2.68–4.90] | n.a. | n.a | .002 |
Abbreviations: ART, antiretroviral therapy; HIV, human immunodeficiency virus; NA, not applicable; ND, not detectable; n.s., not significant.
aData are expressed as median [interquartile range] and as percentage (n). Statistical significance was determined using χ 2 test and Kruskal-Wallis test for qualitative and continuous variables, respectively.