Table 4.

Results of the studies that evaluated their physical activity (PA) intervention (N=6).

Article reference	Method of study	Participants, n	Variables evaluated	Results
Downing et al [44]	RCTa	57	Screen time and sitting time	Participants in the intervention group reduced their total screen time by 30.6 minutes per day, whereas the screen time increased by 7.5 minutes per day for participants in the control group. Sitting time was reduced in the intervention group by 25.8 minutes per day and in the control group by 3.7 minutes per day
Finkelstein et al [50]	RCT	30	Inactivity and number of steps	Inactivity was significantly lower (P<.02) during message on periods compared with message off periods. Increased mean (+584.34 steps) in the number of steps was recorded by group A, whereas group B recorded a reduced mean (–71.94 steps) during message on periods compared with message off periods
Gomersall et al [51]	RCT	38	MVPAb in minutes and sitting time	At the 12-week follow-up, the intervention group participants reduced their overall sitting and prolonged sitting time by 40-50 minutes per 16 hours awake and reported an increase in standing and light-intensity stepping. No significant changes were recorded in the objectively measured activity level of the control group. No group reported any significant change in MVPA assessed by the activPAL device
Klasnja et al [41]	RCT	44	Number of steps	Delivering a suggestion vs no suggestion increased the 30-minute step count by 14% (P=.06), an increase of 35 steps over the 253-step average
Li et al [53]	Pilot	8	Number of steps, sleep index, PA, and sedentary time	The participants’ sedentary time decreased, and they spent less of their waking time on sedentary activities during the intervention (P=.03) and after the intervention (P<.01). On average, the participants’ PA increased significantly after the intervention (P=.02)
Willcox et al [49]	RCT	100	Activity time in minutes and participants’ weight	From the baseline to the conclusion of the intervention period, the women in the intervention group reported significantly smaller reductions in total, light-, and moderate-intensity PA (P=.001) than the women in the control group

^aRCT: randomized controlled trial.

^bMVPA: moderate to vigorous physical activity.