Table 6.
Linear mixed effects model parameter estimates for heart rate variability among participants with posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) and participants without PTSDa.
| Parameter | B (SE; 95% CI) | t test (df) | P value | Wald Z | P value | ||||
| Fixed effects | —b | — | |||||||
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Intercept | 2.32 (0.12; 2.07 to 2.56) c | 18.77 (67.74) | <.001 |
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Treatment group | ||||||||
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Participants with PTSD | Reference | Reference | Reference |
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Participants without PTSD | 0.55 (0.14; 0.26 to 0.84) | 3.81 (65.16) | <.001 |
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Time period | ||||||||
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BLd | Reference | Reference | Reference |
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Postintervention | 0.02 (0.06; –0.09 to 0.16) | 0.411 (57.23) | .68 |
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Protocol condition | ||||||||
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BL | Reference | Reference | Reference |
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ESTe 1 (0-5 minutes) | 0.11 (0.03; 0.05 to 0.16) | 3.59 (238.47) | <.001 |
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EST 2 (5-10 minutes) | 0.05 (0.03; 0.00 to 0.11) | 1.82 (257.16) | .07 |
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GMf 1 (0-5 minutes) | 0.14 (0.03; 0.08 to 0.20) | 4.67 (257.86) | <.001 |
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GM 2 (5-10 minutes) | 0.08 (0.03; 0.02 to 0.14) | 2.64 (286.98) | .009 |
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| Random effects (intercept) | 0.25 (0.05; 0.17 to 0.36) | — | — | 5.35 | <.001 | ||||
| Repeated measures | — | — |
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<.001 | |||||
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ARg 1 diagonal | 0.06 (0.01; 0.05 to 0.07) |
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10.52 |
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AR 1 rho | –0.51 (0.06; –0.61 to –0.39) |
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9.45 |
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aAkaike Information Criterion value of 179.93.
bNot available (no data).
cItalicized values indicate significant findings (P<.01; 2-tailed).
dBL: baseline (rest phase; 5 minutes).
eEST: emotional image stress task phase.
fGM: guided meditation phase.
gAR: autoregressive covariance structure.