Table 1.
Comparison of the suggested protocol for analysis of PFF by the published techniques
| Extraction method | Instrument used | Recovery | Volume of eluent (µL) | LOD (µg/L) | Linear range (µg/L) | RSD (%) | Ref |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| dispersive solid phase microextraction by Fe3O4 graphene oxide nanocomposite | HPLC with ultraviolet detector and GC | 96.6–103.4 | 80 | 14.2 ng/g | 0.05–100 mg/kg | 9.1–12.0 | 3 |
| dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction | GC | 88–99% | 1500 | 0.89 | 3.10–1000 | 7 | 23 |
| MIP | Cyclic voltammetry/ impedance spectroscopy | 97.0–101.2 | Not mentioned | 5 nM | 5 × 10−8 to 35 × 10−4 M | 0.19 | 24 |
| MIP | GC | 94.0–104.0 | 100 mL | 294 | 500–10,000 | 5.0 | 35 |
| PT-MIP-µSPE | Spectrophotometry | 93.9–99.7 | 250 | 0.33 | 1.0–1000.0 | 5.6 | This work |