Table 2.
Factors associated with multi-drug resistant isolates identified from the specimens of bone and skin and soft tissues of patients with war-related injuries
| Factor | MDR (N = 186) n (%) |
Unadjusted OR (95% CI)* | p-value** | Adjusted OR (95% CI)† | p-value** |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Sociodemographics | |||||
| Age | – | 0.993 (0.978, 1.009) | 0.389 | 0.998 (0.980, 1.016) | 0.786 |
| Sex | |||||
| Male | 156 (83.9) | 1 | 0.410 | 1 | 0.480 |
| Female | 30 (16.1) | 0.789 (0.449, 1.386) | 0.791 (0.412, 1.518) | ||
| Nationality | |||||
| Syria | 135 (72.6) | 1 | 0.006 | 1 | 0.026 |
| Iraq | 23 (12.4) | 5.28 (1.777, 15.699) | 5.899 (1.848, 18.835) | ||
| Lebanon | 9 (4.8) | 0.636 (0.263, 1.539) | 0.624 (0.228, 1.712) | ||
| Palestine | 10 (5.4) | 1.837 (0.611, 5.523) | 1.597 (0.448, 5.698) | ||
| Yemen | 9 (4.8) | 4.133 (0.876, 19.5) | 1.964 (0.364, 10.612) | ||
| Specimen | |||||
| Bacteria | |||||
| S. aureus | 83 (44.6) | 1 | < 0.001 | 1 | < 0.001 |
| Enterobacterales | 83 (44.6) | 5.5 (2.978, 10.15) | 5.662 (2.981, 10.755) | ||
| P. aeruginosa | 14 (7.6) | 0.464 (0.231, 0.93) | 0.427 (0.204, 0.893) | ||
| A. baumannii | 3 (1.6) | 0.795 (0.173, 3.66) | 0.801 (0.163, 3.941) | ||
| Enterococci | 3 (1.6) | 0.398 (0.102, 1.55) | 0.361 (0.085, 1.532) | ||
| Site | |||||
| SST | 97 (52.2) | 1 | 0.051 | 1 | 0.071 |
| Bone | 89 (47.8) | 1.551 (0.999, 2.410) | 1.590 (0.961, 2.632) | ||
| Year of collection | |||||
| 2016 | 46 (24.7) | 1 | 0.432 | 1 | 0.723 |
| 2017 | 56 (30.1) | 1.187 (0.659, 2.319) | 1.181 (0.59, 2.367) | ||
| 2018 | 47 (25.3) | 1.328 (0.710, 2.484) | 1.18 (0.564, 2.467) | ||
| 2019 | 37 (19.9) | 0.804 (0.433, 1.495) | 0.819 (0.400, 1.678) | ||
CI confidence interval, MDR multi-drug resistant, OR odds ratio, SST skin and soft tissue
*Univariate logistic regression models were conducted
**p-value from Likelihood Ratio Test
†Multivariable logistic regression model was conducted