TABLE 2.
Maternal characteristics of Hemorrhage Quality Collaborative Participants and California delivery population, baseline period: 2011–2014
| Collaborative participants | All California | |
|---|---|---|
| n (%) | n (%) | |
| Patient characteristics | ||
| Number of deliveries | 977,968 | 1,888,173 |
| Race/ethnicity | ||
| White | 309,837 (32.7) | 539,396 (29.2) |
| Black | 55,548 (5.9) | 106,530 (5.8) |
| Asian | 129,833 (13.7) | 216,504 (11.7) |
| Hispanic | 406,626 (42.9) | 912,675 (49.3) |
| Other | 45,142 (4.8) | 74,678 (4.0) |
| Missing | 30,982 | 38,390 |
| Age at delivery, y | ||
| <18 | 15,384 (1.6) | 37,752 (2.0) |
| 18–25 | 246,082 (25.2) | 547,769 (29.0) |
| 26–35 | 554,126 (56.7) | 1018273 (53.9) |
| ≥36 | 162,376 (16.6) | 284,379 (15.1) |
| Education | ||
| Some high school or less | 133,389 (14.4) | 356,203 (19.6) |
| High school/GED | 206,235 (22.3) | 461,488 (25.5) |
| Some college | 262,083 (28.4) | 477,368 (26.3) |
| College grad or more | 322,211 (34.9) | 518,204 (28.6) |
| Missing | 54,050 | 74,910 |
| Insurance | ||
| Medicaid/other government-sponsored | 364,071 (37.2) | 913,050 (48.4) |
| Private insurance | 584,349 (59.8) | 916,782 (48.6) |
| Self-pay/no insurance | 29,526 (3.0) | 58,310 (3.1) |
| Missing | 22 | 31 |
| Nulliparous | 410,607 (42.0) | 752,589 (39.9) |
| Prepregnancy BMI | ||
| <18.5 | 19,265 (2.1) | 38,587 (2.2) |
| 18.5–25 | 410,011 (44.9) | 767,776 (42.8) |
| 25–30 | 254,980 (27.9) | 512,402 (28.6) |
| 30–35 | 130,985 (14.3) | 271,290 (15.1) |
| 35–40 | 58,705 (6.4) | 121,518 (6.8) |
| ≥40 | 39,347 (4.3) | 80,951 (4.5) |
| Missing | 64,675 | 95,649 |
| Prenatal care | ||
| First trimester | 825,239 (86.0) | 1548609 (83.6) |
| Second trimester | 106,875 (11.1) | 239,552 (12.9) |
| Third trimester | 23,143 (2.4) | 54,128 (2.9) |
| No care | 4,202 (0.4) | 9,912 (0.5) |
| Missing | 18,509 | 35,972 |
| Chronic hypertension | 17,012 (1.7) | 31,024 (1.6) |
| Diabetes/gestational diabetes | 106,227 (10.9) | 187,960 (10.0) |
| Multiple gestation | 17,946 (1.8) | 31,058 (1.6) |
| Labor induction | 150,786 (15.4) | 286,710 (15.2) |
| Preterm birth (<37 wk gestation) | 76,153 (7.8) | 144,972 (7.7) |
| Previous cesarean delivery | 165,297 (16.9) | 331,037 (17.5) |
| Method of delivery: cesarean | 316,141 (32.3) | 622,465 (33.0) |
| Hospital characteristics | ||
| Number of hospitals | 99 | 238 |
| Teaching hospitals | 15 (15.2) | 30 (12.6) |
| AAP neonatal level of care | ||
| Level I | 18 (18.2) | 72 (30.3) |
| Level II | 29 (29.3) | 57 (23.9) |
| Level III | 42 (42.4) | 92 (38.7) |
| Level IV | 10 (10.1) | 17 (7.1) |
| Geographic region | ||
| Central-South Coast | 42 (42.4) | 92 (38.7) |
| Central-North Coast and Northeastern | 44 (44.4) | 96 (40.3) |
| Central Valley, Southern Inland | 13 (13.1) | 50 (21.0) |
| Rural or urban-suburban | ||
| Urban-Suburban | 94 (94.9) | 205 (86.1) |
| Rural | 5 (5.1) | 33 (13.9) |
| Average annual delivery volume (live births) | ||
| <1000 | 15 (15.2) | 72 (30.3) |
| 1000–2499 | 55 (55.6) | 117 (49.2) |
| ≥3000 | 29 (29.3) | 49 (20.6) |
| Hospital ownership | ||
| University, city, county | 11 (11.1) | 39 (16.4) |
| Integrated health system | 29 (29.3) | 29 (12.2) |
| Private nonprofit | 48 (48.5) | 128 (53.8) |
| Private investor | 11 (11.1) | 42 (17.6) |
AAP, American Academy of Pediatrics; BMI, body mass index; GED, General Educational Development.