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. 2021 Oct 22;12(1):2670–2702. doi: 10.1080/21505594.2021.1982373

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

HSV cell cycle. (1) HSV glycoprotein D or B interact with specific cellular receptors leading to fusion at the plasma membrane (2) of following endocytosis (not shown in this figure). Upon fusion, the capsid is released to the cytoplasm with some attached tegument proteins, while other tegument proteins like VP16 separate from the capsid. (3) The capsid travels to the cell nucleus using microtubuli due to the interaction between UL36 and motor proteins. The linear DNA enters the nucleus . (4) The tegument protein VP16 enters the nucleus together with HCF-1 and Oct-1 and starts transcription of IE genes. (5) The IE genes are translated and participate in the transcription of E genes (6), which take part in the replication of the viral genome (8). Once there are sufficient copies of viral genomes, the products of the L genes facilitate DNA encapsidation (11). The mature, DNA containing capsids (C capsids) leave the nucleus through an envelopment-deenvelopment process and acquire tegument and envelope (not shown) prior to cellular egress (14)