Table 4.

Overview of Associations between the ETOH Framework and Other Diagnostic Frameworks

Diagnostic Criteria			ETOH Framework
DSM-5 Alcohol Use Disordera	ICD-11 Alcohol Dependenceb	ICD-10 Alcohol Dependencec	Superdomain (Domain)	Domain	Subdomain(s) (or Moderating Variables)
Craving	Impaired control over alcohol use	Craving	Reward		Incentive Salience
Drank more or longer than intended		Difficulties controlling use	Cognitive Control	Impulsivity	Response Inhibition, Conscientiousness
			Cognitive Control	Compulsivity	Compulsive Use
Persistent desire or unsuccessful efforts to quit or cut down			Cognitive Control	Impulsivity	Response Inhibition, Conscientiousness
			Cognitive Control	Compulsivity	Compulsive Use
Important activities given up or reduced to drink	Alcohol use an increasing priority	Higher priority given to use than other activities	Reward		Reward Discounting, Incentive Salience
Failure to fulfill major role obligations due to drinking			Cognitive Control	Compulsivity	Compulsive Use
Much time spent obtaining, using, or recovering from drinking			Reward		Incentive Salience, Reward Sensitivity, Positive Expectancies
			Negative Valence & Emotionality		Reward Sensitivity, Negative Expectancies
Continued use despite physical or psychological harm		Continued use despite harmful consequences	Cognitive Control	Compulsivity	Compulsive Use
			Reward		Reward Discounting
			Negative Valence & Emotionality		Punishment Sensitivity
					Self-Awareness d
Continued use despite social or interpersonal harm			Cognitive Control	Compulsivity	Compulsive Use
			Reward		Reward Discounting
					Self-Awareness d
Tolerance	Physiological features indicative of neuroadaptation to alcohol	Tolerance			Opponent Processes d
Withdrawal		Withdrawal	Negative Valence & Emotionality		Negative Emotionality
Recurrent use in hazardous situations			Cognitive Control	Impulsivity	Response Inhibition, Conscientiousness
			Cognitive Control	Compulsivity	Compulsive Use
			Reward		Reward Discounting

Note.

^a= Severity gradient for a diagnosis corresponds to ≥ 2 criteria = Mild, ≥ 4 criteria = Moderate, and ≥ 6 criteria = Severe.

^b= A diagnosis corresponds to ≥ 2 criteria.

^c= A diagnosis corresponds to ≥ 3 criteria.

^d= this is treated as a moderating mechanism within the ETOH Framework, meaning it likely moderates the expression of ETOH subdomains.