Table 1.

Incidence and incidence rate ratio of newly diagnosed diabetes after Covid-19 or acute upper respiratory tract infections (AURI)

	Diabetes incidence per 1000 person-years (n)		IRR for Covid-19 vs AURI (95% CI)
ICD-10 code	Covid-19 cohort	AURI cohort
E11 (type 2 diabetes)	15.8 (189)	12.3 (175)	1.28 (1.05, 1.57)
E12–E14 (other forms or unspecified diabetes)	4.3 (52)	3.7 (53)	1.17 (0.80, 1.71)

The Covid-19 (n = 35,865) and AURI (n = 35,865) cohorts were matched (1:1) for sex, age, health insurance coverage, index month and comorbidity (obesity, hypertension, hyperlipidaemia, myocardial infarction, stroke)

Incidence refers to newly diagnosed diabetes 1–365 days after the index date

IRR were estimated using Poisson regression accounting for different observation durations