Figure 4:

Leaflet motion tracking analysis performed to elucidate leaflet opening velocity (A), leaflet closing velocity (B), relative leaflet opening force (C) and relative leaflet closing force (D) of porcine control pulmonary autografts without reinforcement, and porcine and human specimens using the inclusion technique with and without anti-commissural plication. ACP compared to non-ACP in porcine pulmonary autografts was associated with lower leaflet rapid opening velocity (p = 0.03), leaflet rapid closing velocity (p = 0.01), relative leaflet rapid opening force (p = 0.03), and relative leaflet rapid closing force (p = 0.17). In comparison, porcine control pulmonary autografts without reinforcement showed lower leaflet rapid opening velocity than that from porcine autografts without ACP (p = 0.05) but was similar to that from porcine autografts with ACP (p = 0.77). Porcine control pulmonary autografts without reinforcement had similar leaflet rapid closing velocity, relative leaflet rapid opening force, and relative leaflet rapid closing force compared to those from porcine autografts using the inclusion technique with or without ACP. In human autografts, ACP was associated with lower leaflet rapid opening velocity than without ACP (p = 0.01). The upper and lower borders of each box represent the upper and lower quartiles. The middle horizontal line represents the median. Each data point was plotted with circles. The extra + represents outlier. ACP = anti-commissural plication.