Table 1.
TLR agonists in combination with ICBs
| TLR agonist | ICB | Cancer type | Trial NO | Phase | Status | Refs. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TLR2/4 | ||||||
| BCG | Atezolizumab | High-Risk BCG naïve Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer | NCT04134000 | 1 | Recruiting | |
| Atezolizumab | BCG-naive High-risk Non-muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer | NCT03799835 | 3 | Recruiting | ||
| Pembrolizumab | High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer | NCT03711032 | 3 | Recruiting | ||
| Durvalumab | Non-muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer | NCT03528694 | 3 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer | NCT04149574 | 3 | Recruiting | ||
| Tislelizumab | High-Risk Non-Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer | NCT04922047 | 1/2 | Recruiting | ||
| TLR3 | ||||||
| Poly I:C | PD-1 mAb | Unresectable Hepatocellular Carcinoma | NCT03732547 | 2 | Recruiting | |
| Poly ICLC | Pembrolizumab | Mismatch Repair Proficient Colon Cancer | NCT02834052 | 1/2 | Recruiting | |
| Pembrolizumab | Relapsing Glioblastoma | NCT03665545 | 1/2 | Recruiting | ||
| Durvalumab and Tremelimumab | Advanced, Measurable, Biopsy-accessible Cancers | NCT02643303 | 1/2 | Recruiting | ||
| BO-112 | Pembrolizumab | PD-1/PD-L1 Refractory Liver Cancer | NCT04777708 | 1 | Not yet recruiting | |
| Pembrolizumab | Colorectal or Gastric/Gastroesophageal Junction Cancer With Liver Metastasis | NCT04508140 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Pembrolizumab | Unresectable Malignant Melanoma | NCT04570332 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | Before Surgery of Resectable Soft Tissue Sarcoma | NCT04420975 | 1 | Recruiting | ||
| TLR7/8 | ||||||
| TransCon TLR7/8 Agonist | Pembrolizumab | Advanced or Metastatic Solid Tumors | NCT04799054 | 1/2 | Recruiting | |
| BDB001 | Atezolizumab | Advanced Solid Tumors | NCT04196530 | 1 | Active, not recruiting | |
| Pembrolizumab | Advanced Solid Tumors | NCT03486301 | 1 | Recruiting | [121} | |
| BDB018 | Pembrolizumab | Advanced Solid Tumors | NCT04840394 | 1 | Recruiting | |
| BDC-1001 | Pembrolizumab | Advanced HER2-Expressing Solid Tumors | NCT04278144 | 1/2 | Recruiting | [122] |
| LHC-165 | Spartalizumab | Advanced Solid Tumors | NCT03301896 | 1 | Active, not recruiting | |
| SHR-2150 | PD-1 mAb | Unresectable/Metastatic Solid Tumors | NCT04588324 | 2 | Recruiting | |
| BNT411 | Atezolizumab | Solid Tumor, Extensive-stage SCLC | NCT04101357 | 1/2 | Recruiting | |
| Imiquimod | Pembrolizumab | Stage IIIB-IV Melanoma | NCT03276832 | 1 | Recruiting | |
| DSP-0509 | Pembrolizumab | Advanced Solid Tumors | NCT03416335 | 1/2 | Recruiting | |
| Motolimod | Nivolumab | HNSCC | NCT04272333 | 1 | Recruiting | |
| NCT03906526 | 1 | Recruiting | ||||
| TLR9 | ||||||
| IMO-2125 | Nivolumab and Ipilimumab | Advanced Cancer | NCT04270864 | 1 | Active, not recruiting | |
| Nivolumab and Ipilimumab | Solid Tumors | NCT03865082 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Ipilimumab or Pembrolizumab | Metastatic Melanoma | NCT02644967 | 1/2 | Completed | [123] | |
| Ipilimumab | Anti-PD-1 Refractory Melanoma | NCT03445533 | 3 | Active, not recruiting | [124] | |
| SD-101 | Pembrolizumab | Metastatic Melanoma or Recurrent or Metastatic HNSCC | NCT02521870 | 1/2 | Terminated | [126] |
| Pembrolizumab | Hormone-Naïve Oligometastatic Prostate Cancer | NCT03007732 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab or Ipilimumab | Metastatic Uveal Melanoma | NCT04935229 | 1 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | Chemotherapy-Refractory Metastatic Pancreatic Cancer | NCT04050085 | 1 | Recruiting | ||
| Ipilimumab | Recurrent Low Grade B Cell Lymphoma | NCT02254772 | 1/2 | Completed | [127] | |
| CMP-001 | Pembrolizumab | Recurrent or Metastatic HNSCC | NCT04633278 | 2 | Recruiting | |
| Pembrolizumab | Advanced Melanoma | NCT03084640 | 1 | Completed | [129] | |
| Pembrolizumab | Relapsed and Refractory Lymphoma | NCT03983668 | 1/2 | Recruiting | ||
| Pembrolizumab | Melanoma | NCT02680184 | 1 | Active, not recruiting | ||
| Pembrolizumab | Patients With Operable Melanoma | NCT04708418 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | Melanoma | NCT04401995 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | Advanced Melanoma | NCT04698187 | 2 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | Advanced Melanoma | NCT04695977 | 2/3 | Recruiting | ||
| Nivolumab | Stage IIIB/C/D Melanoma Patients With Clinically Apparent Lymph Node Disease | NCT03618641 | 2 | Completed | [130] | |
| Atezolizumab | NSCLC | NCT03438318 | 1 | Completed | ||
| MGN1703 | Ipilimumab | Advanced Solid Tumors | NCT02668770 | 1 | Active, not recruiting | |