Table 3.
SARS-CoV-2 antibody prevalence by population
| Nursing home & home healthcare populations | Population sample | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total N | No presence of antibodies | Presence of antibodies | Total N | No presence of antibodies | Presence of antibodies | |
| Total participants | 427 | 378 | 49 (11.5%) | 472 | 453 | 19 (3.5%a) |
| Asymptomatic (since January 2020) | 49 | 40 | 9 (18.4%) | 18 | 14 | 4 (22.2%) |
| Age mean (sd) | 43.8 (13.2) | 43.7 (13.1) | 45.4 (13.9) | 44.7 (11.7) | 44.6 (11.7) | 46.2 (11.0) |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 361 | 319 | 42 (11.6%) | 246 | 239 | 7 (2.8%) |
| Male | 65 | 59 | 6 (9.2%) | 226 | 214 | 12 (5.3%) |
| Smoking status | ||||||
| Current smoker | 114 | 108 | 6 (5.3%) | 102 | 95 | 7 (6.9%) |
| Ex-smoker | 79 | 69 | 10 (12.7%) | 117 | 112 | 5 (4.3%) |
| Never smoker | 208 | 179 | 29 (13.9%) | 252 | 245 | 7 (2.8%) |
| Citizenship | ||||||
| Swiss | 313 | 276 | 37 (11.8%) | 358 | 342 | 16 (4.5%) |
| Other | 115 | 101 | 12 (10.6%) | 114 | 111 | 3 (2.6%) |
| Education | ||||||
| Primary | 49 | 40 | 9 (18.4%) | 13 | 12 | 1 (7.7%) |
| Secondary | 206 | 184 | 22 (10.7%) | 185 | 179 | 6 (3.2%) |
| Tertiary | 140 | 128 | 12 (8.6%) | 268 | 256 | 12 (4.5%) |
| Number of other people in the same household | ||||||
| 0 | 64 | 58 | 6 (9.4%) | 70 | 68 | 2 (2.9%) |
| 1 | 125 | 116 | 9 (7.2%) | 176 | 167 | 9 (5.1%) |
| 2 or more | 206 | 180 | 26 (12.6%) | 222 | 214 | 8 (3.6%) |
| Chronic conditions | ||||||
| No chronic condition | 321 | 286 | 35 (10.1%) | 378 | 364 | 14 (3.7%) |
| 1 or more chronic conditionsb | 79 | 70 | 9 (11.4%) | 93 | 88 | 5 (5.4%) |
| BMI (mean, sd) | 25.4 (4.8) | 25.3 (4.8) | 26.0 (5.0) | 24.9 (4.9) | 25.0 (4.9) | 23.1 (3.8) |
| EQ—5D-5L dimensions | ||||||
| Mobility problems present | 52 | 45 | 7 (13.5%) | 45 | 42 | 3 (6.7%) |
| Problems with self-care present | 33 | 27 | 6 (18.2%) | 5 | 5 | 0 (0.0%) |
| Problems during usual activities present | 42 | 36 | 6 (14.3%) | 36 | 35 | 1 (2.9%) |
| Pain or discomfort present | 157 | 141 | 16 (10.2%) | 134 | 128 | 6 (4.5%) |
| Anxiety or depression present | 106 | 98 | 8 (7.6%) | 117 | 109 | 8 (6.8%) |
| EQ visual analogue scale (0 = worst; 100 = best) mean (sd) | 86.0 (12.3) | 85.9 (12.4) | 86.4 (11.4) | 85.3 (11.6) | 85.2 (11.6) | 86.3 (11.8) |
| Episodes of symptoms in 2020, at least for 3 days | ||||||
| No | 194 | 179 | 15 (7.7%) | 190 | 185 | 5 (2.6%) |
| 1 or more | 233 | 199 | 34 (14.6%) | 282 | 268 | 14 (5.2%) |
| Previous SARS-CoV-2 test results | ||||||
| Tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 | 18 | 3 | 15 (83.3%) | 0 | 0 | 0 (0.0%) |
| Tested negative for SARS-CoV-2 | 163 | 150 | 13 (8.0%) | 40 | 38 | 2 (5.0%) |
| No test done | 208 | 194 | 14 (6.7%) | 429 | 412 | 17 (4.0%) |
| Number of people in immediate environment previously tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 | ||||||
| 0 | 339 | 308 | 31 (9.1%) | 424 | 407 | 17 (4.0%) |
| 1 | 18 | 15 | 3 (16.7%) | 17 | 16 | 1 (5.9%) |
| 2 or more | 68 | 54 | 14 (20.6%) | 31 | 30 | 1 (3.2%) |
| Adherence to preventative measures in the last 7 days (1 = never; 5 = always), mean (sd) | ||||||
| Keeping social distance | 4.1 (0.9) | 4.1 (0.9) | 4.2 (0.9) | 4.1 (0.7) | 4.1 (0.8) | 4.2 (0.5) |
| Only leaving house for essential tasks | 3.4 (1.1) | 3.4 (1.1) | 3.6 (0.9) | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.2 (1.1) | 3.3 (1.1) |
| Wearing face mask | 4.4 (0.8) | 4.4 (0.8) | 4.4 (0.7) | 3.0 (1.2) | 3.0 (1.2) | 2.9 (1.1) |
| Adherence to hygiene measures (washing hands, etc.) | 4.7 (0.5) | 4.7 (0.5) | 4.6 (0.7) | 4.6 (0.6) | 4.6 (0.6) | 4.6 (0.6) |
| Use of SwissCovid App | ||||||
| Yes, regularly | 133 | 123 | 10 (7.5%) | 231 | 220 | 11 (4.8%) |
| No | 266 | 231 | 35 (13.2%) | 147 | 140 | 7 (4.8%) |
| Number of trips taken outside the country since January 2020 | ||||||
| 0 | 178 | 158 | 20 (11.2%) | 251 | 242 | 9 (3.6%) |
| 1 | 110 | 100 | 10 (9.1%) | 110 | 107 | 3 (2.7%) |
| 2 or more | 136 | 118 | 18 (13.2%) | 111 | 104 | 7 (6.3%) |
All values are shown as n or n (%) unless otherwise noted
sd standard deviation; BMI Body Mass Index; COVID-19 Coronavirus Disease 2019; DFU Digital Follow Up; PCR Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction Test; SARS-CoV-2 Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infection
aPrevalence estimates for population sample were calculated using a Bayesian logistic regression model and weighted for age, sex and sensitivity/specificity of the antibody test
bExcluding allergies