Comparison 1. Uterine massage commenced before placental delivery versus no uterine massage: vaginal birth.

Outcome or subgroup title	No. of studies	No. of participants	Statistical method	Effect size
1 Blood loss 500 mL or more after trial entry	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
1.1 Routine active management of 3rd stage of labour	2	1291	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.56 [0.44, 5.49]
2 Placenta delivered more than 30 minutes after birth	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
2.1 Routine active management of 3rd stage of labour	2	1289	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.79 [0.33, 1.88]
3 Use of additional uterotonics	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
3.1 Routine use of uterotonics	2	1260	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	1.02 [0.56, 1.85]
4 Blood transfusion	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
4.1 Routine use of uterotonics	2	1257	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.97 [0.26, 3.58]
5 Need for manual removal of placenta	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
5.1 Routine use of uterotonics	2	1289	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Random, 95% CI)	1.77 [0.18, 17.62]
6 Blood loss > 1000 mL	2		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
6.1 Routine use of uterotonics	2	1291	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	2.96 [0.31, 28.35]
7 Mean blood loss at 30 minutes	0		Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
8 Mean blood loss at 60 minutes	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]
9 Haemoglobin < 8 g/dL	1		Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	Subtotals only
9.1 Routine use of uterotonics	1	382	Risk Ratio (M‐H, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.63 [0.21, 1.88]
10 maternal mortality	0	0	Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI)	0.0 [0.0, 0.0]