Abdel‐Aleem 2010 Egypt.

Methods	Randomised by means of computer‐generated random numbers held within sealed, opaque, sequentially numbered envelopes.
Participants	Women 18 years or older with uncomplicated pregnancy and spontaneous birth.
Interventions	Uterine massage from birth of the baby for 30 minutes, versus uterine massage plus oxytocin 10 units IM, vs oxytocin alone. For this review, the latter 2 groups are included.
Outcomes	Primary Blood loss 300 mL in 30 minutes; retained placenta 30 minutes. Secondary Blood loss 500 mL and < 1000 mL in 30 minutes. Additional uterotonic. Other interventions for haemorrhage. Hb < 8 g/dL after 12‐24 hours (SA site). Blood transfusion. Manual removal placenta.
Notes	Assiut, Egypt and East London Hospital Complex, South Africa. The data were presented separately for the 2 sites because of some heterogeneity.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated random numbers.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Sealed opaque, sequentially‐numbered envelopes containing allocation.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) All outcomes	High risk	Blinding not possible.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Small proportion of missing data SA site only.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Nothing to suggest reporting bias.
Other bias	Low risk	Nothing to suggest other bias.