TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics of enrolled individuals
| Q1 [60.8, 76.2] | Q2 (76.2, 82.4] | Q3 (82.4, 89.2] | Q4 (89.2, 128] | P | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 1333 | 1336 | 1356 | 1305 | |
| Age (year) | 57.00 (50.00, 64.00) | 57.00 (50.00, 63.00) | 57.00 (49.00, 62.00) | 56.00 (50.00, 63.00) | .008 |
| Gender (female, %) | 687 (51.54%) | 654 (48.95%) | 741 (54.65%) | 728 (55.79%) | .002 |
| New‐onset hypertension (n, %) | 309 (23.18%) | 329 (24.63%) | 385 (28.39%) | 467 (35.79%) | <.001 |
| Waist circumference (cm) | 73.00 (70.00, 75.00) | 79.30 (78.00, 81.00) | 86.00 (84.00, 87.50) | 94.00 (91.30, 98.00) | .000 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 19.66 (18.42, 20.90) | 21.61 (20.31, 22.82) | 23.41 (22.12, 24.81) | 26.18 (24.47, 28.09) | .000 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 116.00 (107.33, 125.67) | 117.67 (108.67, 126.42) | 118.33 (110.33, 127.00) | 122.33 (114.33, 129.67) | <.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 68.33 (62.00, 75.33) | 69.67 (63.33, 75.67) | 70.33 (64.67, 76.67) | 73.33 (67.67, 79.00) | <.001 |
| LDL (mg/dl) | 110.18 (91.62, 129.90) | 108.63 (88.14, 129.22) | 114.82 (93.56, 138.11) | 116.37 (95.10, 137.24) | <.001 |
| Triglycerides (mg/dl) | 81.42 (62.84, 116.82) | 90.27 (66.38, 127.44) | 102.22 (72.57, 144.26) | 119.47 (84.08, 179.66) | <.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dl) | .75 (.64, .88) | .75 (.64, .87) | .75 (.63, .87) | .75 (.64, .87) | .800 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 95.99 (86.53, 103.25) | 96.44 (86.60, 103.49) | 96.44 (86.69, 103.97) | 96.19 (86.12, 103.07) | .530 |
| FPG (mg/dl) | 98.28 (91.44, 107.28) | 100.26 (92.88, 108.36) | 100.98 (93.42, 110.34) | 103.32 (95.40, 114.66) | <.001 |
| HbA1c (%) | 5.10 (4.80, 5.30) | 5.10 (4.80, 5.40) | 5.10 (4.88, 5.40) | 5.20 (4.90, 5.50) | <.001 |
| Smoking (yes, %) | 572 (42.91%) | 570 (42.66%) | 501 (36.95%) | 443 (33.95%) | <.001 |
| Drinking (%) | .099 | ||||
| More than once a month | 320 (24.01%) | 376 (28.14%) | 341 (25.15%) | 308 (23.60%) | |
| Less than once a month | 120 (9.00%) | 110 (8.23%) | 120 (8.85%) | 102 (7.82%) | |
| Never | 893 (66.99%) | 850 (63.62%) | 895 (66.00%) | 895 (68.58%) | |
| Diabetes (yes, %) | 94 (7.05%) | 120 (8.98%) | 156 (11.50%) | 202 (15.48%) | <.001 |
| Heart disease (yes, %) | 100 (7.50%) | 95 (7.11%) | 106 (7.82%) | 131 (10.04%) | .028 |
| Stroke (yes, %) | 12 (.90%) | 11 (.82%) | 11 (.81%) | 21 (1.61%) | .127 |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; SBP, systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; LDL, low‐density lipoprotein; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; FPG, fasting plasma glucose; HbA1c: HbA1c, hemoglobin A1c.