Kartasasmita 1995.

Study characteristics
Methods	Individually randomised trial conducted in a suburban community of city Bandung, Indonesia
Participants	Eligibility: children aged 12–54 months Excluded:  not specified Sample: 269 children; 126 children in vitamin A group, 141 children in control group. Mean age 33 months. 51% boys
Interventions	Experimental group: vitamin A 200,000 IU once every 6 months for 12 months Control group: placebo
Outcomes	Incidence of respiratory disease, mean serum retinol levels
Notes	Authors presented data on respiratory outcomes according to severity of disease. We included data for "severe respiratory disease" only.
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Quote: "The children were selected by randomised stratified sampling from the almost 2000 under‐fives residing in Cikutra". Comment: insufficient details available to make a judgement.
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient details provided to make a judgement.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Blinding of participants	Unclear risk	Quote: "All children participated in an age‐ and sex‐matched randomised, double blind vitamin A supplementation programme by receiving vitamin A 200,000 IU or placebo capsules orally, at the start and at the 6th month of the study".
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Blinding of provider	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient detail provided to make a judgement.
Blinding (performance bias and detection bias) Blinding of outcome assessor	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient detail provided to make a judgement.
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)	High risk	Comment: insufficient reporting of attrition/exclusions to permit judgement.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	Comment: insufficient detail provided to make a judgement.
Other bias	Unclear risk	Comment: methods of study were not described very clearly.