Table 3.
Main and interaction effects of stimulation type (i.e., active vs. sham), group (i.e., MCI vs. HOA), and stimulation*group on metabolite concentrations controlling for % MRS voxel overlap and right SPL volume.
| Metabolite/Metabolic Ratio | Main/Interaction Effects | Mean Square | F | p-value | η2p |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| P2 GABA | Stimulation | 0.005 | 9.374 | 0.006 | 0.309 |
| Group | 0.006 | 8.259 | 0.009 | 0.282 | |
| Stimulation*Group | 0.000 | 0.036 | 0.852 | 0.002 | |
| P2 Glutamate | Stimulation | 0.015 | 0.987 | 0.330 | 0.039 |
| Group | 0.010 | 0.430 | 0.518 | 0.018 | |
| Stimulation*Group | 0.070 | 4.726 | 0.040 | 0.165 | |
| P2 GLX | Stimulation | 0.040 | 2.433 | 0.132 | 0.092 |
| Group | 0.062 | 1.786 | 0.194 | 0.069 | |
| Stimulation*Group | 0.018 | 1.126 | 0.299 | 0.045 | |
| P2 Glutamate/GABA | Stimulation | 42.538 | 10.032 | 0.005 | 0.323 |
| Group | 25.489 | 2.933 | 0.102 | 0.123 | |
| Stimulation*Group | 0.001 | 0.000 | 0.989 | 0.000 | |
| P2 GLX/GABA | Stimulation | 77.196 | 11.309 | 0.003 | 0.350 |
| Group | 29.606 | 2.475 | 0.131 | 0.105 | |
| Stimulation*Group | 1.700 | 0.249 | 0.623 | 0.012 | |
| F5 GABA | Stimulation | 0.001 | 1.045 | 0.320 | 0.055 |
| Group | 0.000 | 0.602 | 0.448 | 0.032 | |
| Stimulation*Group | 0.000 | 0.661 | 0.427 | 0.035 |
Note: Values in bold denote effects with p ≤ .05 and/or those associated with a medium or large effect size. MCI = mild cognitive impairment; HOA = healthy older adults; MRS = magnetic resonance spectroscopy; GLX = glutamate + glutamine. P2 GABA, P2 Glutamate/GABA, and P2 GLX/GABA represents F(1,21), P2 Glutamate and P2 GLX represent F(1,24), and F5 GABA represents F(1,18).