Guideline 5: All explicit as well as implicit participant tasks should be identified. A participant task is an organized participant activity performed during (or sometimes before or after) the experiment that may influence participant brain dynamics. Explicit tasks usually (though not always) determine and lead to actions that the participant performs (or inhibits) intentionally during the experiment – and should always be documented. Implicit tasks, whether or not directly reflected in participant actions, should also be documented – particularly if they are part of the experimental design. Explicit pre- or post-session tasks external to the recording session (often an aspect of experiments on learning or memory, for example) may also be considered for annotation, as they may be intended to produce residual or priming effects in the session data.