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. 2022 Mar 12;15:779–797. doi: 10.2147/DMSO.S349769

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© 2022 Xu et al.

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Diabetic ketoacidosis causes the serum 25-OH-VitD3, the main reservoir of vitamin D, and precursor of the active 1.25-OH-VitD3 (A), N-MID, the biomarkers of osteoblast activity (C), blood calcium, which contains ionized calcium (E), to decrease while the bone-breaking marker of osteoclast, β-CTX (B). Nevertheless, the PTH level, which increases blood calcium by promoting calcium reabsorption in bone, intestine, and kidney (D), did not display any disparity among groups.

Notes: *p<0.05, **p<0.01, ***p<0.001, ****p<0.0001.