Table 2.
Laboratory parameters at baseline
| Parameter | Discharges | Deaths | P* | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|
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| Available observations | Mean (SD) or median (p25-p75) | Available observations | Mean (SD) or median (p25-p75) | ||
| Hemoglobin (mg/dL) | 1322 | 12.9 (2.2) | 334 | 12.7 (2.2) | 0.051 |
| Leucocyte count (×103 cells/mm3) | 1320 | 6.8 (4.8-9.9) | 332 | 11.6 (8.1-15.9) | <0.001 |
| Neutrophil (×103 cells/mm3) | 1287 | 4.8 (2.8-7.8) | 320 | 10.0 (6.6-13.9) | <0·001 |
| Lymphocytes (×103 cells/mm3) | 1288 | 1.0 (0.7-1.5) | 320 | 0.6 (0·4-0.8) | <0·001 |
| LDH (U/L) | 1159 | 328 (241-460) | 271 | 654 (501-890) | <0.001 |
| Total·bilirubin (mg/dL) | 1341 | 0.5 (0.4-0.7) | 339 | 0.6 (0.4-0.9) | <0.001 |
| ALT (U/L) | 1329 | 45 (27-79) | 338 | 53 (31-91) | 0.003 |
| AST (U/L) | 1329 | 42 (30-68) | 338 | 61 (39-98) | <0.001 |
| Globulin (g/dL) | 1315 | 2.6 (0.4) | 336 | 2.7 (0.5) | 0.002 |
| A/G ratio | 1314 | 1.5 (1.4-1.7) | 334 | 1.3 (1.1-1.5) | <0.001 |
| Albumin (g/dL) | 1329 | 3.9 (0.5) | 337 | 3.5 (0.5) | <0.001 |
| Urea (mg/dL) | 1351 | 30 (21.4-43.0) | 338 | 59.9 (42.8-87.7) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine (mg/dL) | 1351 | 0.7 (0.6-0.9) | 338 | 0.9 (0.7-1.3) | <0.001 |
| Calcium (mg/dL) | 1323 | 8.6 (3.6) | 338 | 8.1 (0.8) | <0.001 |
| Phosphate (mg/dL) | 1323 | 3.0 (2.5-3.5) | 338 | 3.1 (2.5-4.0) | 0.005 |
| Sodium (mEq/L) | 1341 | 137.2 (8.3) | 339 | 139.2 (9.7) | <0.001 |
| Potassium (mEq/L) | 1341 | 4.5 (4.1-4.9) | 339 | 4.7 (4.2-5.2) | <0.001 |
| Inflammatory markers | |||||
| Ferritin (ng/mL) | 473 | 365.4 (135.2-878) | 116 | 1096.5 (712.5-1650) | <0.001 |
| D (ng/mL) | 1154 | 201.5 (121-347) | 271 | 622 (337-2550) | <0.001 |
| CRP (mg/dL) | 1286 | 2.6 (0.8-7.4) | 301 | 9.0 (5.1-16.0) | <0.001 |
| IL-6 (pg/mL) | 581 | 9.1 (3.4-22.6) | 195 | 40.5 (14.4-104.2) | <0.001 |
|
| |||||
| Categorical | n | n (%) | n | n (%) | χ 2 |
|
| |||||
| Hemoglobin <12 g/dl | 1322 | 378 (28.6) | 334 | 111 (33.2) | 0.097 |
| Thrombocytopenia (<1.5 Lac) | 1329 | 269 (20.4) | 334 | 74 (22.2) | 0.439 |
| Leucopenia (<4000 cells/mm3) | 1320 | 199 (15.1) | 332 | 15 (4.5) | <0.001 |
| LDH >246 U/L | 1159 | 853 (73.6) | 271 | 269 (99.3) | <0.001 |
| Total bilirubin >1.2 mg/dl | 1341 | 60 (4.5) | 339 | 29 (8.6) | 0.003 |
| ALT >49 U/L | 1329 | 605 (45.5) | 338 | 179 (53.0) | 0.014 |
| AST ≥34 U/L | 1329 | 889 (66.9) | 338 | 275 (81.4) | <0.001 |
| Urea ≥50 mg/dl | 1351 | 242 (17.9) | 338 | 213 (63.0) | <0.001 |
| Creatinine ≥1.0 mg/dl | 1351 | 53 (3.9) | 338 | 88 (26.0) | <0.001 |
| Hyperferritinemia (>322 ng/mL) | 473 | 250 (52.9) | 116 | 105 (90.5) | <0.001 |
| d-dimer >500 ng/ml | 1154 | 188 (16.3) | 271 | 155 (57.2) | <0.001 |
| IL-6 >4.4 pg/ml | 581 | 410 (70.6) | 195 | 188 (95.4) | <0.001 |
| CRP >0.5 mg/dl | 1286 | 1031 (80.2) | 301 | 298 (99.0) | <0.001 |
P for means are calculated by t-test and for medians by Wilcoxon rank-sum test. SD: Standard deviation, CRP: C-reactive protein, ALT: Alanine amino transferase, AST: Aspartate amino transferase, IL-6: Interleukin 6, A/G: Albumin/Globulin ratio, LDH: Lactate dehydrogenase