Table 7. The pooled prevalence of Escherichia coli resistance to different antimicrobial agents in Ethiopia.
| Antimicrobial Agents | The main group of antimicrobial agents | No of studies | The total no of isolates tested | No of resistant isolate | Resistant isolate (%) | Pooled prevalence (%) (95% CI) | I2 (p-value) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Ampicillin | Penicillins | 6 | 446 | 359 | 80.49 | 77.97 (70.17–85.76) | 71.4 (0.00) |
| Amoxicillin | Penicillins | 1 | 47 | 5 | 10.64 | - | - |
| Augmentin (Amoxicillin and clavulanate potassium) | Penicillins and B-lactamase inhibitors | 5 | 339 | 204 | 60.18 | 64.78 (42.00–87.57) | 95.0 (0.00) |
| Tetracycline | Tetracyclines | 3 | 253 | 194 | 76.68 | 76.87 (71.69–82.05) | 0.00 (0.563) |
| Ceftriaxone | 3rd G cephalosporins | 5 | 284 | 11 | 3.87 | 2.91 (0.74–5.08) | 11.5 (0.34) |
| Cephalothin | 1st G cephalosporins | 1 | 47 | 8 | 17.02 | - | - |
| cefotaxime | 3rd G cephalosporins | 1 | 204 | 50 | 24.51 | - | - |
| Gentamicin | Aminoglycosides | 6 | 388 | 102 | 26.29 | 19.72 (7.41–32.03) | 88.03 (0.00) |
| Amikacin | Aminoglycosides | 1 | 113 | 2 | 1.77 | - | - |
| Chloramphenicol | Chloramphenicol | 5 | 375 | 121 | 32.27 | 30.39 (20.95–39.84) | 67.0 (0.016) |
| Nalidixic acid | Fluoroquinolones | 5 | 224 | 38 | 16.96 | 16.71 (11.81–21.6) | 0.00 (0.713) |
| Norfloxacin | Fluoroquinolones | 2 | 206 | 20 | 9.71 | - | - |
| Ciprofloxacin | Fluoroquinolones | 7 | 439 | 27 | 6.15 | 5.57 (3.42–7.71) | 0.00 (0.063) |
| Trimethoprim-sulphamethoxazole | Folic acid metabolism inhibitors | 7 | 428 | 301 | 70.33 | 66.97 (56.21–77.71) | 80.7 (0.00) |
| Meropenem | Carbapenems | 1 | 133 | 0 | 0 | - | - |
| Erythromycin | Macrolides | 1 | 2 | 1 | 50 | - | - |
No = Number; % = Percent; CI = confident interval; I = Inconsistency Index.