Table 5.
Anti-biofilm activity of acetone and aqueous extracts of plant extracts against selected poultry pathogens.
| Plants | Solvents |
% inhibition (E. coli) |
% inhibition (C. coli) |
% inhibition (C. jejuni) |
% inhibition (S. Gallinarum) |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| T0 | T24 | T0 | T24 | T0 | T24 | T0 | T24 | ||
| M. lucida | Acetone | ++ | - | ++ | - | + | - | ++ | - |
| Aqueous | - | - | - | - | - | ++ | - | - | |
| A. laxiflora | Acetone | ++ | - | ++ | - | ++ | - | ++ | - |
| Aqueous | ++ | - | - | - | - | ++ | - | - | |
| F. exasperata | Acetone | ++ | ++ | ++ | - | ++ | - | ++ | - |
| Aqueous | ++ | - | - | - | - | ++ | - | - | |
| O. gratissimum | Acetone | ++ | ++ | ++ | - | ++ | - | ++ | - |
| Aqueous | ++ | - | ++ | - | - | ++ | ++ | - | |
| J. gossypiifolia | Acetone | ++ | + | - | - | ++ | ++ | - | - |
| Aqueous | ++ | - | - | - | - | ++ | + | - | |
| A. wilkesiana | Acetone | ++ | - | ++ | - | - | ++ | ++ | - |
| Gentamicin | - | ++ | ++ | - | - | ++ | ++ | 1.04 | |
| Ciprofloxacin | ++ | ++ | - | - | - | - | ++ | - | |
| Tetracycline | ++ | ++ | ++ | - | ++ | - | ++ | 125.58 | |
Good (++) ABF activity (> 50% inhibition); Poor (+) ABF activity (more than 0–50% inhibition); No (-) ABF activity (0 % or less); Aqueous: Cold water.