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. 2022 Mar 17;119:13–17. doi: 10.1016/j.ijid.2022.03.019

Figure 2.

Figure 2

Monthly changes in antimicrobial use from 2016 to 2020 and predicted antimicrobial use in 2020 according to the AWaRe classification and administration route. Solid lines and black circles show the actual monthly antimicrobial use from 2016 to 2019, while dashed lines and white circles show the predicted monthly antimicrobial use for 2020. The 95% and 80% confidence intervals (CIs) of the predicted values are provided. For 2020, black circles show the actual monthly antimicrobial use. The lines indicate drug utilization standardized by defined daily dose (DDD) per population and drug or by DID (DDDs/1,000 inhabitants/day). The Access and Watch categories of the AWaRe classification system were analyzed. (A) Access category oral antimicrobials, (B) Watch category oral antimicrobials, (C) Total oral antimicrobials, (D) Access category injectable antimicrobials, (E) Watch category injectable antimicrobials, and (F) Total injectable antimicrobials. DDD values from January 1, 2021, were used. Population data were based on estimates published every year on October 1 by the Statistics Bureau of the Japanese Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications.