Table 3.
Demographics, pre-existing comorbidities, in-hospital therapies, and outcomes among FV&B, FV, and UV individuals requiring intensive care.
| Vaccination Status |
|||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variables‡ | All, ICU | FV&B, ICU | FV, ICU | UV, ICU | p value |
| n | 1084 | 56 (5.17%) | 271 (25.00%) | 757 (69.83%) | |
| Demographics | |||||
| Age, years | |||||
| Mean (SD) | 63.07 (15.79) | 72.05 (13.17)‡‡ | 70.09 (12.60)§ | 59.89 (15.94)§,‡‡ | <0.001¶ |
| Median (IQRs) | 65.00 (53.00, 74.00) | 73.50 (66.00, 81.25) | 71.00 (63.00, 79.50) | 61.00 (49.00, 71.00) | |
| Gender | |||||
| Female | 463 (42.71%) | 32 (57.14%) | 110 (40.59%) | 329 (43.46%) | 0.714† |
| Male | 621 (57.29%) | 24 (42.86%) | 161 (59.41%) | 428 (56.54%) | |
| Race (n = 1081/56/270/755) | |||||
| Black or African American | 222 (20.54%) | 6 (10.71%) | 47 (17.41%) | 169 (22.38%) | 0.155† |
| White or Caucasian | 796 (73.64%) | 47 (83.93%) | 206 (76.30%) | 543 (71.92%) | |
| Other | 63 (5.83%) | 3 (5.36%) | 17 (6.30%) | 43 (5.70%) | |
| BMI, kg/m2 (n = 1068/56/266/746) | |||||
| Mean | 32.96 (9.66) | 29.37 (5.82)‡‡ | 31.67 (9.25)§ | 33.69 (9.93)§,‡‡ | <0.001¶ |
| Median | 31.41 (26.32, 37.59) | 28.87 (25.45, 33.72) | 30.51 (24.99, 36.29) | 31.91 (27.14, 38.61) | |
| Pre-existing comorbidities | |||||
| ESRD | 60 (5.54%) | 13 (23.21%)*,‡‡ | 27 (9.96%)*,§ | 20 (2.64%)§,‡‡ | <0.001† |
| Immunocompromised | 185 (17.07%) | 23 (41.07%)*,‡‡ | 68 (25.09%)*,§ | 94 (12.42%)§,‡‡ | <0.001† |
| Elixhauser weighted score | |||||
| Mean | 18.94 (13.90) | 22.09 (13.69)‡‡ | 21.99 (15.20)§ | 17.61 (13.22)§,‡‡ | <0.001¶ |
| Median | 19.00 (9.00, 28.00) | 22.50 (11.00, 31.25) | 22.00 (11.00, 31.00) | 17.00 (7.00, 26.00) | |
| In-hospital therapies | |||||
| O2 therapy | 1042 (96.13%) | 49 (87.50%)‡‡ | 259 (95.57%) | 734 (96.96%)‡‡ | 0.005† |
| Nasal cannula/non-rebreather | 129 (11.90%) | 10 (17.86%) | 44 (16.24%)§ | 75 (9.91%)§ | 0.008† |
| High flow O2 | 84 (7.75%) | 3 (5.36%) | 19 (7.01%) | 62 (8.19%) | 0.755† |
| Non-invasive ventilation | 212 (19.56%) | 14 (25.00%) | 65 (23.99%) | 133 (17.57%) | 0.042† |
| Mechanical ventilation | 617 (56.92%) | 22 (39.29%)‡‡ | 131 (48.34%)§ | 464 (61.29%)§,‡‡ | <0.001† |
| Vasopressor | 623 (57.47%) | 32 (57.14%) | 146 (53.87%) | 445 (58.78%) | 0.373† |
| Length of stay, hours | |||||
| Mean | 388.93 (297.27) | 370.29 (291.23) | 344.73 (239.55)§ | 406.13 (314.49)§ | 0.014¶ |
| Median | 323.50 (187.75, 514.50) | 292.50 (142.75, 504.00) | 299.00 (168.00, 454.00) | 338.00 (201.00, 534.00) | |
| Outcomes | |||||
| Death | 606 (55.90%) | 21 (37.50%)‡‡ | 142 (52.40%) | 443 (58.52%)‡‡ | 0.004† |
| Discharge disposition location (n = 478/35/129/314) | |||||
| Home | 298 (62.34%) | 18 (51.43%) | 75 (58.14%) | 205 (65.29%) | |
| Rehab | 43 (9.00%) | 6 (17.14%) | 13 (10.08%) | 24 (7.64%) | |
| SNF | 111 (23.22%) | 9 (25.71%) | 36 (27.91%) | 66 (21.02%) | |
| Hospice | 9 (1.88%) | 2 (5.71%) | 3 (2.33%) | 4 (1.27%) | |
| Other | 17 (3.56%) | 0 (0.00%) | 2 (1.55%) | 15 (4.78%) | |
Abbreviations: FV&B=fully vaccinated and boosted; FV=fully vaccinated; UV=unvaccinated; BMI=body mass index; ESRD=end-stage renal disease; ICU=intensive care unit; Rehab=rehabilitation; SNF=skilled nursing facility.
‡For continuous variables, medians (interquartile ranges, IQRs) and means (standard deviation, SD) were presented. For categorical variables, frequencies (percentage) were presented.
¶Kruskal-Wallis test.
†Chi-squared or Fisher's exact test.
*p < 0.05 between FV&B and FV¶¶.
§p < 0.05 between FV and UV¶¶.
‡‡p < 0.05 between FV&B and UV¶¶.
¶¶In multiple comparisons test, post hoc Holm-Bonferroni procedure and the Tukey-Kramer method was used for categorical and numerical variables, respectively. P-values are available in Supplementary Table 1.