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. 2021 Nov 1;40(3):422–431. doi: 10.1038/s41587-021-01058-4

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Extended Data Fig. 4 — Blue/red dots on the y-axis represent one or more k-mers significantly associated with resistance/susceptibility, respectively, to Puccinia graminis f. sp. tritici isolate 04KEN156/04 (race TTKSK) across the diversity panel. Definition of association score, threshold, and dot size (which is proportional to the number of k-mers having the specific value on the y-axis), is as in Fig. 2. a, Significantly associated k-mers mapped to AL8/78 which is susceptible to TTKSK. The peaks marked Sr45 and Sr46 contain the non-functional (not providing resistance to TTKSK) alleles of Sr45 and Sr46. The x-axis represents the seven chromosomes of Ae. tauschii reference accession, AL8/78. Each dot column represents a 10 kb interval. b, Significantly associated k-mers mapped to the unordered de novo assembly of TOWWC0112 (N50 1.1 kb), an Ae. tauschii accession resistant to TTKSK. Each dot-column on the x-axis represents an unordered contig from the de novo assembly. c, Significantly associated k-mers mapped to the same assembly of TOWWC0112 as in (b), but now each contig has been ordered by anchoring to the reference genome of AL8/78 (x-axis). d, Association mapping with an improved TOWWC0112 assembly (N50 196 kb) anchored to the AL8/78 reference genome (x-axis).