Table 4.

Association of eGFR and albuminuria with change in cerebral blood flow, white matter lesion volume, and total brain volume.

Kidney marker		Cerebral blood flow (ml/100 g/min)		Transformed WML volume asinh (cm3)		Total brain volume (cm3)
eGFR	N	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value
eGFR (≥60 ml/min/1.73m2)	326	0.49 (−0.68, 1.66)	0.4	0.19 (0.15, 0.22)	0.1	−29.04 (−30.57, −27.51)	0.2
<60 ml/min/1.73m2	162	−0.46 (−2.12, 1.2)		0.24 (0.19, 0.29)		−27.19 (−29.43, −24.95)
eGFR (≥90 ml/min/1.73m2)	79	−0.16 (−2.56, 2.23)	0.2	0.21 (0.14, 0.28)	0.2	−29.00 (−32.08, −25.93)	0.2
60 to<90 ml/min/1.73m2	247	0.68 (−0.66, 2.01)		0.18 (0.14, 0.22)		−29.05 (−30.82, −27.29)
45 to <60 ml/min/1.73m2	115	0.50 (−1.48, 2.47)		0.22 (0.15, 0.28)		−27.36 (−30.02, −24.69)
<45 ml/min/1.73m2	47	−2.57 (−5.59, 0.44)		0.31 (0.21, 0.40)		−26.84 (−31.00, −22.68)
Albuminuria		Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value	Estimate (95% CI)	p-value
UACR<30 mg/g Cr	380	0.54 (−0.55, 1.63)	0.08	0.19 (0.16, 0.23)	0.3	−28.99 (−30.42, −27.55)	0.1
≥30 mg/g Cr	90	−1.63 (−3.85, 0.59)		0.23 (0.16, 0.30)		−26.44 (−29.35, −23.54)

Estimates based on a linear mixed model, adjusting for intracranial volume (except in CBF models), treatment assignment, age, sex, race, history of CVD, smoking and days since randomization, with random effects for participant and MRI facility. Estimates represent least squares means, with follow-up estimated computed at 1452 days (3.98 years) post-randomization. For change estimates, negative values denote decreases from baseline, while positive values indicate increases from baseline.

Abbreviations: asinh inverse hyperbolic sine transformation, f(x) = log(x + (x² + 1)^0.5), eGFR – estimated glomerular filtration rate, MRI – magnetic resonance imaging, SE - standard error, CI - confidence interval, WML - white matter lesion