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. 2022 Mar 3;10:851178. doi: 10.3389/fchem.2022.851178

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Copyright © 2022 Ma, Zheng, An and Liu.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Cyclic voltammetric curves of (A) K₃[Fe(CN)₆] (0.5 mM) or (B) Ru(NH₃)₆Cl₃ (0.5 mM) on the bare ITO, SM@VMSF/ITO, and VMSF/ITO electrodes in KHP solution (0.05 M, pH = 7.4). The scan rate is 50 mV s⁻¹.Cyclic voltammetric curves (C) and ECL intensity-potential curves (D) obtained at the bare ITO or VMSF/ITO in 0.1 M PBS (pH 7) containing Ru(bpy)₃ ²⁺ (10 μM) and TPrA (3 mM).