Table 2.
Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biomarker concentrations in iNPH, SSVD, and healthy controls.
| iNPH | SSVD | Controls | |
|---|---|---|---|
| n = 52 | n = 17 | n =28 | |
| sAPPα | 384 (303–593)###, §§ | 683 (475–847)& | 850 (694–1207) |
| sAPPβ | 227 (170–325)###,§§ | 417 (232–458)&&& | 516 (446–664) |
| Aβ38 | 1,333 (823–1,928)###, §§ | 2,196 (1,749–2,505)&& | 2,855 (2,266–3,261) |
| Aβ40 | 3,541 (2,206–5,648)###, §§ | 5,428 (4,678–6,838)& | 7,009 (5,570–7,814) |
| Aβ42 | 361 (232–496)### | 474 (320–558)&& | 693 (510–931) |
| NFL | 1,592 (1,012–2,519)### | 1,638 (1,150–3,149)&&& | 889 (694–1,072) |
| GFAP | 876 (659–1,146)### | 820 (472–976)& | 559 (381–718) |
| MBP | 1,997 (1,407–2,503)### | 1,691 (1,461–2,351)&& | 1,446 (1,228–1,632) |
| MMP−1 | 26 (16–47) | 34 (20–54) | 24 (19–33) |
| MMP-2 | 21,190 (18,965–23,600) | 22,244 (21,146–25,104) | 21,317 (18,423–23,549) |
| MMP-3 | 221 (162–322) | 250 (186–372) | 238 (201–344) |
| MMP-9 | 160 (114–205) | 163 (107–193) | 129 (89–160) |
| MMP-10 | 49 (38–67)# | 63 (40–76)& | 42 (31–49) |
| TIMP-1 | 99,329 (87,306–113,161) | 105,464 (87,590–142,345) | 86,094 (78,696–107,987) |
CSF biomarker concentrations in pg/ml shown as medians and interquartile ranges (IQR). Wilcoxon-Mann-Whitney U-test.
#
p < 0.05, ##p < 0.01,
###
p < 0.001 (iNPH vs. controls);
§§
p < 0.01, (iNPH vs. SSVD);
&
p < 0.05,
&&
p < 0.01,
&&&
p < 0.001 (SSVD vs. controls). iNPH, idiopathic normal pressure hydrocephalus; SSVD, subcortical small vessel disease. sAPP, soluble amyloid precursor protein; Aβ, amyloid-beta; NFL, neurofilament light chain; GFAP, glial fibrillary acidic protein; MBP, myelin basic protein; MMP, matrix metalloproteinase; TIMP, tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase.