Table 3.
Summary of the beneficial and adverse effects of pioglitazone and GQ-16
| NS Parameters | Control | PAN | PAN + Pio | PAN + GQ-16 |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Proteinuria | 0% | 100% | 64%∗ | 81%∗∗ |
| Co-morbidities | ||||
| Hypercoagulopathy | 0% | 100% | 11% | 92%∗ |
| Hypercholesterolemia | 0% | 100% | 80%∗∗ | 86%∗ |
| Hypoalbuminemia | 100% | 0% | 25% | 69%$ |
| TZD Parameters | Vehicle Control | Pio | GQ-16 | |
| Adipogenesis | ||||
| aP2 (adipocytes) | 100% | 242 %# | 127% | |
| aP2 (WAT) | 100% | 3,815 %# | 504% | |
| Adipokines | ||||
| Adiponectin (WAT) | 100% | 3% | 310%## | |
| Adipsin (WAT) | 100% | 712%# | 829%# | |
∗
p<0.05.
∗∗
p<0.01; reduction compared to PAN.
$
p<0.05; increase compared to PAN.
#
p<0.05.
##
p<0.01; increase compared to Vehicle Control.