TABLE 1.
Summary statistics in the full sample and by experimental group
| Overall | By experimental group | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Control | Compensation, not prosocial | No compensation, prosocial | Compensation, prosocial | ||
| Provider type | |||||
| MD or DO | 51.5% | 50.0% | 53.1% | 50.5% | 52.7% |
| Nurse practitioner | 34.4% | 36.1% | 33.4% | 35.1% | 32.7% |
| Physician assistant | 14.1% | 13.9% | 13.5% | 14.4% | 14.6% |
| Rural county | 18.8% | 16.4% | 18.7% | 19.5% | 20.9% |
| County population (1000s) | 358 (8.3) | 371.9 (17.2) | 347.1 (12.4) | 368.7 (20.3) | 341.9 (14.1) |
| Opioid overdose deaths per 100,000 population (2017) | 20.7 (0.4) | 19.8 (0.7) | 20.7 (0.7) | 20.4 (0.8) | 22.1 (0.8) |
| Total deaths from opioid overdoses, 2013–2017 | 172.1 (3.3) | 180.1 (6.7) | 166.9 (5.0) | 173.5 (8.2) | 166.9 (5.6) |
| Sample size | |||||
| Providers | 15,835 | 4150 | 3871 | 4121 | 3693 |
| Medical practices | 7994 | 2002 | 1994 | 1998 | 2000 |
Note: Standard deviations of continuous covariates are in parentheses.
Abbreviations: DO, Doctor of Osteopathy; MD, Doctor of Medicine.