Table 6.

Plasma biochemical parameters of Beetal goats.

Biochemicals	Levels of Moringa oleifera leaf powder supplementation			SEM	p -value
	M0	M2%	M3.5%
Gestation day 110
Total soluble proteins (mg/ml)	60.98 ± 0.73	63.87 ± 0.34	65.09 ± 1.12	0.59	0.118
Total sugars (mg/ml)	4.58 ± 0.05c	5.40 ± 0.04b	6.18 ± 0.03a	0.03	0.003
Carotenoids (μg/ml)	165.77 ± 0.79b	169.09 ± 1.07b	176.56 ± 0.62a	0.25	0.013
Lycopene (μg/ml)	98.75 ± 2.66	103 ± 1.15	108 ± 3.02	0.53	0.207
Gestation day 130
Total soluble proteins (mg/ml)	59.56 ± 3.17	66.23 ± 0.57	69.16 ± 1.78	1.63	0.066
Total sugars (mg/ml)	4.43 ± 0.05c	5.80 ± 0.04b	6.63 ± 0.06a	0.02	0.004
Carotenoids (μg/ml)	170.79 ± 0.96b	177.45 ± 0.83b	185.41 ± 0.61a	0.49	0.001
Lycopene (μg/ml)	95 ± 1.08c	111 ± 0.57b	119.75 ± 0.85a	0.51	0.010
Gestation day 150
Total soluble proteins (mg/ml)	55.96 ± 3.04b	61.19 ± 1.49b	71.02 ± 0.69a	1.56	0.042
Total sugars (mg/ml)	3.88 ± 0.13c	5.90 ± 0.04b	6.93 ± 0.05a	0.03	0.005
Carotenoids (μg/ml)	168 ± 2.19b	175.93 ± 0.68b	187.13 ± 1.30a	0.85	0.032
Lycopene (μg/ml)	89.75 ± 0.47c	116.78 ± 1.03b	125.69 ± 0.75a	0.47	0.001
Lactation day 20
Total soluble proteins (mg/ml)	63.50 ± 1.56b	67.18 ± 0.35b	75.40 ± 0.73a	0.78	0.016
Total sugars (mg/ml)	4.03 ± 0.04c	6.30 ± 0.05b	7.35 ± 0.07a	0.04	0.002
Carotenoids (μg/ml)	172.42 ± 1.02b	178.74 ± 1.32b	193.55 ± 0.89a	0.73	<0.001
Lycopene (μg/ml)	93 ± 0.91c	118.25 ± 0.85b	129.5 ± 0.95a	0.69	<0.001

Means with superscript letters (a, b, c) within the same row differ significantly at p ≤ 0.05.