Table 1.

Descriptive summary of flow reduction and flow restoration surgical techniques for the treatment of steal syndrome.

Technique	Description
Flow reduction procedures
Simple plication	Bare sutures narrow a section of the vein
Banding	Synthetic cuff narrows the vein
MILLER	Angiography with balloon angioplasty-guided banding
Loop inter-position	Inter-positioned synthetic loop graft elongates the vein
Flow restoration procedures
DRIL	Inter-positioned arterial bypass graft (inflow proximal to and outflow distal to the AV fistula) restores flow into the native artery which is ligated just distal to the fistula
Extension	Distal creation of fistula with either one of the two arteries (radial or ulnar) to preserve half the blood supply to the hand
PAI	Conversion of fistula inflow to a proximal artery with a graft

DRIL: distal revascularization with interval ligation; MILLER: minimally invasive limited ligation endoluminal-assisted revision; PAI: proximalization of the arterial inflow; AV: arteriovenous.