Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2022 Mar 16;10(3):e004191. doi: 10.1136/jitc-2021-004191

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2022. Re-use permitted under CC BY-NC. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.

This is an open access article distributed in accordance with the Creative Commons Attribution Non Commercial (CC BY-NC 4.0) license, which permits others to distribute, remix, adapt, build upon this work non-commercially, and license their derivative works on different terms, provided the original work is properly cited, appropriate credit is given, any changes made indicated, and the use is non-commercial. See http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Thymic and microbial effect of ADT in prostate cancer patients. (A) Routine blood monitoring of lymphocyte counts. Absolute blood lymphocyte counts in patients with HSPC at baseline (pre-ADT) and 4–6 months after ADT (post-ADT) as well as in patients with CRPC. (B, C) Flow cytometric determination of blood cell populations. Naïve CD4 +cell proportion (B) and circulating sj TREC cells (C) in patients with (HSPC) pre-ADT and 4–6 months post-ADT and in CRPC patients compared with age-matched and sex-matched healthy controls. (A–C). Each dot represents one patient. The graph depicts means±SEM of lymphocyte counts. ANOVA statistical analyses (Kruskal-Wallis test) were used for multiple comparison. (D–F) Patient fecal microbiota composition and flow cytometry-based blood analysis. Principal coordinate analysis (PcoA) using Bray-Curtis distances calculated using species level relative abundances in CRPC (dark gray dots) and HSPC patients (red dots) (D) prevalence and relative abundances of differentially abundant species between CRPC and HSPC patients (E). Associations between the overall microbial community composition and flow cytometry-based blood analyses (F). Spearman’s correlations between immune cell profiles and species’ abundances controlling for time-point, age and patient (G). ADT, androgen deprivation therapy; ANOVA, analysis of variance; CRPC, castration-resistant prostate cancer; HSPC, hormone-sensitive PC.