Table 1.

Characteristics of the study population

	Total (n = 2137)		Male (n = 1086)		Female (n = 979)
	n	%	n	%	n	%
Sociodemographics
Age, years
65–69	585	28.3	299	27.6	286	29.2
70–74	531	25.7	270	24.9	260	26.6
75–79	494	23.9	264	24.4	230	23.5
80+	454	22.0	251	23.2	203	20.7
Education, ISCED
Low	162	7.7	33	3.1	125	13.0
Middle	1201	57.1	529	49.5	623	64.6
High	741	35.2	507	47.4	217	22.5
Income
Low	278	13.5	138	13.1	134	14.2
Middle	682	33.0	333	31.5	323	34.3
High	1107	53.6	585	55.4	485	51.5
Country of birth
Germany	1982	96.5	1048	97.0	934	96.0
Other country	73	3.6	33	3.1	39	4.0
Partner status
Partner	1607	78.0	930	85.8	676	69.3
No partner	454	22.0	154	14.2	300	30.7
Living situation
Living alone	445	20.9	162	14.9	266	27.2
Not living alone	1686	79.1	922	85.1	711	72.8
Area of residence
Medium sized town	641	30.3	310	28.9	315	32.5
Larger small town	776	36.7	385	35.9	360	37.2
Small town	533	25.2	291	27.1	223	23.0
Rural community	163	7.7	87	8.1	71	7.3
Health
Self-rated health
Very good	149	7.1	76	7.1	65	6.7
Good	1097	51.9	552	51.4	503	51.9
Moderate	716	33.9	357	33.2	340	35.1
Poor	143	6.8	86	8.0	55	5.7
Very poor	9	0.4	3	0.3	6	0.6
Mobility impairments
At least one	800	38.0	404	37.5	381	39.7
None	1307	62.0	673	62.5	579	60.3
Use of a walking aid
Yes	300	14.1	139	12.9	155	16.0
Walking stick/canea	151	–	78	–	71	–
Crutchesa	39	–	23	–	16	–
Walkera	170	–	65	–	102	–
Walking framea	1	–	1	–	0	–
Quad walkera	0	–	0	–	0	–
Wheelchaira	37	–	15	–	21	–
No	1822	85.9	943	87.2	813	84.0
Transport
Driving license
Yes	1949	93.3	1037	97.2	847	88.7
No	141	6.8	30	2.8	108	11.3
Car availability
Always	1869	89.4	1005	94.2	802	84.0
Sometimes	157	7.5	41	3.8	113	11.8
Never	65	3.1	21	2.0	40	4.2
Bicycle availability
Yes	1804	84.9	957	88.5	778	80.0
No	321	15.1	124	11.5	194	20.0

^aMultiple responses were possible, thus no relative frequencies are reported