Table 2.
Hematological parameters at 5, 10, 15, 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 min following intrathecal saline (SAL), xylazine (XYL) and xylazine- adenosine (XYL-AD) in XYL-sedated goats
| Parameter | Group | Time after intrathecal administration (minutes) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Base b | 5 | 10 | 15 | 30 | 60 | 90 | 120 | 150 | ||
|
WBC (× 109/L) |
SAL | 13.3 ± 2 | 12.5 ± 1.8 | 12.1 ± 1.7 | 12.2 ± 1.9 | 12.3 ± 1.7 | 12.8 ± 1.7 | 12.3 ± 1.6 | 12 ± 1.6 | 12.3 ± 2.2 |
| XYL | 11.8 ± 1.4 | 11.5 ± 1.7 | 11.1 ± 1.4 | 10 ± 1.8 |
9.5 ± 1.6ab ap < 0.001 bp = 0.046 |
10.1 ± 1.3ab ap = 0.019 bp = 0.035 |
11 ± 1.5a P = 0.019 |
11.5 ± 1.8 | 12 ± 1.4 | |
| XYL-AD | 12.3 ± 2.8 | 12.1 ± 2.5 | 11.5 ± 2.5 |
9.5 ± 2.3a p = 0.001 |
8.8 ± 2.4a p < 0.001 |
9.1 ± 2.5ab ap < 0.001 bp = 0.043 |
10.3 ± 2.8a p < 0.001 |
11.1 ± 2.9a p = 0.004 |
12 ± 2.6 | |
| Lymphocyte % | SAL | 50.8 ± 4.1 | 50.3 ± 3.8 | 49.7 ± 3.9 | 49.5 ± 4.1 |
49.6 ± 3.8a p = 0.004 |
49 ± 4.3a p = 0.019 |
49 ± 4 | 49.8 ± 3.5 | 50.1 ± 3.6 |
| XYL | 50.8 ± 3.4 | 50.3 ± 3.3 | 49.8 ± 3.6 |
48.8 ± 3.6a p = 0.003 |
47.8 ± 3.6a p < 0.001 |
46.5 ± 2.5a p = 0.001 |
47 ± 2.8a p = 0.001 |
48.3 ± 2.4a p = 0.030 |
49.1 ± 2.4 | |
| XYL-AD | 50 ± 4.2 | 49.6 ± 4.5 | 49 ± 4.4 |
48.2 ± 4.5a p = 0.014 |
46.9 ± 4.4a p = 0.002 |
45.4 ± 4.4a p = 0.004 |
46.3 ± 4.5a p = 0.009 |
47.1 ± 4.4a p = 0.009 |
48 ± 4.2 | |
| Granulocyte % | SAL | 37.6 ± 4.2 | 37.5 ± 4 | 39.8 ± 4.8 | 41.8 ± 3.7 |
43.8 ± 3.8a p = 0.015 |
44.1 ± 3.9a p = 0.003 |
44.8 ± 2.4a p = 0.007 |
41.6 ± 3.4 | 39 ± 3 |
| XYL | 37.8 ± 3.4 | 38.3 ± 3.6 | 40.6 ± 5.2 | 43.1 ± 4.1 |
47.5 ± 5.3a p = 0.022 |
46.5 ± 4.3a p = 0.011 |
48.5 ± 4.3a p = 0.011 |
42.4 ± 5.3 | 41.6 ± 4.8 | |
| XYL-AD | 35.1 ± 2.9 | 35.5 ± 2.8 | 36.6 ± 1.9 |
37.6 ± 2.9a p = 0.012 |
38.9 ± 3.7a p = 0.014 |
41.6 ± 2.6a p = 0.030 |
40.1 ± 2.5b p = 0.024 |
39.3 ± 2.4 | 38.5 ± 2.6 | |
|
RBC (× 1012/L) |
SAL | 20.1 ± 2.1 | 20 ± 2.3 | 19.6 ± 2.5 | 18.6 ± 2.1a |
16.8 ± 1.8a p = 0.019 |
17.1 ± 1.6a p = 0.010 |
18 ± 1.6 | 18.1 ± 2 | 19.3 ± 1.9 |
| XYL | 20 ± 1.4 | 20 ± 0.8 | 19.6 ± 1.5 |
17.8 ± 1.1a p = 0.004 |
16.3 ± 1.2a p = 0.002 |
17.3 ± 1.2a p = 0.014 |
17.6 ± 0.8a p = 0.024 |
18.3 ± 0.5 | 19.5 ± 1 | |
| XYL-AD | 19.3 ± 3 | 19 ± 2.6 | 18 ± 2.5 |
16.5 ± 2.4a p = 0.001 |
15 ± 2.2a p = 0.003 |
15.8 ± 2a p = 0.011 |
16.8 ± 2.1a p = 0.019 |
17.3 ± 2.5a p = 0.013 |
18.5 ± 2.2 | |
| HCT (%) | SAL | 29.5 ± 1.7 | 29.3 ± 2.3 | 28.1 ± 2.4 |
27.3 ± 2a p = 0.004 |
27.1 ± 2.3a p = 0.010 |
27 ± 2a p = 0.014 |
27.8 ± 1.9a p = 0.009 |
27.5 ± 1.7 | 28.6 ± 1.2 |
| XYL | 29.6 ± 2.7 | 29.5 ± 3 |
27.3 ± 2.6 a p < 0.001 |
26 ± 2.2a p < 0.001 |
25.6 ± 2.3a p = 0.003 |
26 ± 1.8a p = 0.006 |
26.8 ± 1.7a p = 0.016 |
29 ± 2.3 | 29.5 ± 2.8 | |
| XYL-AD | 28.3 ± 2.7 | 27.6 ± 2.8 |
26.6 ± 2.8a p = 0.002 |
25.6 ± 2.8a p < 0.001 |
24.6 ± 2.6a p < 0.001 |
25.3 ± 3.1a p = 0.016 |
26.3 ± 3.1 | 27 ± 2.2 | 28.1 ± 2.5 | |
| HGB (g/dL) | SAL | 9 ± 0.6 | 8.7 ± 0.8 | 8.4 ± 0.9 |
8 ± 0.8a p = 0.005 |
8.1 ± 0.9a p = 0.014 |
7.8 ± 0.9a p = 0.007 |
7.9 ± 0.8a p = 0.011 |
8.2 ± 0.7a p = 0.020 |
8.5 ± 0.8 |
| XYL | 9.2 ± 0.6 | 9 ± 0.8 | 8.7 ± 0.9 |
8.2 ± 0.8a p = 0.007 |
7.8 ± 0.9a p = 0.003 |
7.6 ± 0.7a p = 0.003 |
7.8 ± 0.8a p = 0.008 |
8.2 ± 0.9 a p = 0.019 |
8.6 ± 1 | |
| XYL-AD | 9.4 ± 0.5 | 9.3 ± 0.5 |
8.9 ± 0.9 a p = 0.013 |
8.5 ± 0.8a p = 0.003 |
8.3 ± 0.5a p = 0.002 |
8.2 ± 0.6a p = 0.001 |
8.6 ± 0.6a p = 0.004 |
8.6 ± 0.7a p = 0.006 |
8.9 ± 0.6a p = 0.010 |
|
| MCV (fL) | SAL | 22.5 ± 1.3 | 22.1 ± 1.7 | 21.3 ± 1.5 |
20 ± 1a p = 0.004 |
19.5 ± 1a p = 0.032 |
20 ± 1.4 | 21.3 ± 1.5 | 21.5 ± 1.2 | 22 ± 1.2 |
| XYL | 22.3 ± 1.7 | 21.8 ± 2 | 21.6 ± 2.5 |
20.2 ± 1.5a p = 0.004 |
19.8 ± 1.4a p = 0.009 |
20.3 ± 1.6a p = 0.016 |
21 ± 1.6 | 21.8 ± 1.7 | 22.1 ± 2 | |
| XYL-AD | 21.5 ± 3 | 21 ± 2.8 | 20.7 ± 2.8 |
19.9 ± 3.3a p < 0.001 |
19.1 ± 3.4a p < 0.001 |
19.5 ± 3.4a p = 0.001 |
20.4 ± 3.2a p < 0.001 |
21 ± 3.1 | 21.2 ± 2.8 | |
| MCH (pg) | SAL | 7.8 ± 0.9 | 8 ± 0.8 | 7.8 ± 0.7 | 8.8 ± 1 |
9.9 ± 1a p = 0.023 |
10 ± 0.8a p = 0.017 |
10.4 ± 1.1a p = 0.025 |
9.4 ± 0.9 | 8.4 ± 1 |
| XYL | 7.5 ± 0.6 | 7.6 ± 0.8 | 8 ± 0.8 |
9.5 ± 1a p = 0.001 |
10.3 ± 1a p < 0.001 |
10.8 ± 1.2a p < 0.001 |
10.6 ± 1.2a p < 0.001 |
9.6 ± 1.2a p = 0.003 |
8.6 ± 1.2a p = 0.38 |
|
| XYL-AD | 7 ± 1.3 | 7.1 ± 1.4 | 7.4 ± 1.1 |
8.8 ± 1.2a p = 0.002 |
9.3 ± 1a p = 0.003 |
10 ± 1.1a p < 0.001 |
9.3 ± 0.9a p = 0.002 |
8.5 ± 1a p = 0.010 |
7.5 ± 1 | |
|
MCHC (g/ dL) |
SAL | 45.8 ± 2.6 | 45.1 ± 3.1 | 45 ± 4 | 46.8 ± 2.8 | 48.1 ± 3.2 |
48.2 ± 2.8a p = 0.004 |
48.8 ± 1.9a p = 0.010 |
46.5 ± 2.1 | 46 ± 2.2 |
| XYL | 44.5 ± 3.9 | 44 ± 4.1 | 45.8 ± 4.3 |
48.6 ± 4.3a p = 0.002 |
50.6 ± 4.3a p < 0.001 |
52.8 ± 3.8a p < 0.001 |
50.8 ± 4.4a p = 0.010 |
47.6 ± 4.1 | 45.3 ± 3.6 | |
| XYL-AD | 47.1 ± 3.7 | 46.6 ± 3.3 | 47.8 ± 4.4 |
50.8 ± 3.7a p < 0.001 |
52.5 ± 3.9a p < 0.001 |
54.3 ± 3.3ab ap < 0.001 bp = 0.018 |
52.5 ± 3.5a p = 0.007 |
50.6 ± 3.6a p = 0.002 |
48.1 ± 3.7 | |
WBC white blood count; RBC red blood count; HCT hematocrit; HGB hemoglobin; MCV mean corpuscular volume; MCH mean corpuscular hemoglobin; MCHC mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration
Data is expressed as mean ± SD (n = 6)
asignificantly different from the base value (P < 0.05) within each group; bvalues taken before intramuscular xylazine and intrathecal injection
bsignificantly different from the SAL group at the same time point (P < 0.05)