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D-panthenol reduced apoptosis and senescence markers in cultured hDPCs. (A) mRNA expression levels of caspase 3, caspase 9 in hDPCs after 24 h treatment of D-panthenol. (B) mRNA expression levels of senescence markers (p21, p16) after 24 h treatment of D-panthenol. (C) Protein levels of p21, p16 and caspase 3 were analyzed by Western blot and quantitated. * p < 0.05, ** p < 0.01 versus control group. Data are expressed as mean ± SD.
