Table 1.
T1DI study cohorts
| Study, site, enrollment period, age at enrollment | Age range, [median age] at follow-up visits, years | Cohort type | N cohort subjects (no. of visits) | N with confirmed seroconversion (% of cohort)† | N with multiple autoantibodies ever (% of cohort)ǁ | N with T1D (% of cohort) | N with T1D excluded‡ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BABYDIAB, Germany, 1989–2000, 9 months | 0.0–28.5 [2.1] | Overall | 2,364 (27,179) | 220 (9.0) | 123 (5.0) | 95 (4.0) | 12 |
| BABYDIAB, Germany, 1989–2000, 9 months | 0.0–28.5 [2.1] | Infant-toddler | 2,346 (27,130) | 220 (9.0) | 123 (5.0) | 95 (4.0) | 0 |
| DAISY, CO, 1993–2006, 9 months* | 0.6–29.8 [7.4] | Overall | 2,539 (26,803) | 199 (8.0) | 129 (5.0) | 101 (4.0) | 5 |
| DAISY, CO, 1993–2006, 9 months* | 0.6–25.1 [7.0] | Infant-toddler | 2,170 (23,402) | 165 (8.0) | 105 (5.0) | 81 (3.7) | 0 |
| DEW-IT, WA,1995–2001, 2008–2012 | 0.4–45.2 [8.1] | Overall | 3,748 (9,196) | 173 (5.0) | 170 (5.0) | 56 (1.5) | 8 |
| DEW-IT, WA,1995–2001, 2008–2012 | 0.4–16.5 [2.2] | Infant-toddler | 559 (1,490) | 17 (3.0) | 18 (3.0) | 8 (1.4) | 0 |
| DiPiS, Sweden, 2000–2004, 24 months | 0.0–13.0 [4.0] | Overall | 4,359 (34,298) | 184 (4.0) | 100 (2.0) | 75 (1.7) | 1 |
| DiPiS, Sweden, 2000–2004, 24 months | 0.0–13.0 [4.0] | Infant-toddler | 4,353 (34,280) | 184 (4.0) | 100 (2.0) | 75 (1.7) | 0 |
| DIPP, Finland, 1994–2009, 2–6 months§ | 0.0–22.9 [4.9] | Overall | 11,652 (187,741) | 837 (7.0) | 526 (5.0) | 399 (3.4) | 28 |
| DIPP, Finland, 1994–2009, 2–6 months§ | 0.0–22.9 [5.0] | Infant-toddler | 7,281 (129,455) | 827 (11.0) | 519 (7.0) | 396 (5.4) | 0 |
| All | 0.0–45.2 [4.9] | Overall | 24,662 (285,217) | 1,613 (7.0) | 1,048 (4.2) | 726 (2.9) | 54 |
| All | 0.0–28.5 [4.6] | Infant-toddler | 16,709 (215,757) | 1,413 (8.4) | 865 (5.2) | 655 (3.9) | 0 |
*
First-degree relatives were eligible to enroll if younger than 8 years (born 1993–1995) or younger than 4 years (1996–2004).
†
Seroconversion per T1DI study cohort definition in Research Design and Methods, without inclusion of ZnT8A positivity.
‡
Those with T1D without autoantibody measurement or seropositivity in the follow-up period.
§
DIPP subjects born before 2003 were screened with only islet cell antibodies assay (N = 4,297).
ǁ
Without ZnT8A in the autoantibody count.