. 2022 Mar 17;10(3):e4210. doi: 10.1097/GOX.0000000000004210

Table 1.

Included Manuscripts and Study Characteristics

Study	Type of Study	Location	Centers	Study Period	No. patients	Facial Regions	Facial Feminization Surgeries	Average No. FFS Per Patient	Average Follow-up Period
Balaji⁹	Prospective	India	Single center	2007–2014	7	Upper, middle, lower	Forehead reconstruction, rhinoplasty, genioplasty, gonial angle reduction, jaw contouring, zygoma correction	Multiple	—
Becking et al.¹⁰	Retrospective	The Netherlands	Single center	1992–1994	16	Middle, lower	Bimaxillary osteotomy, gonial angle reduction, genioplasty, zygoma augmentation, zygoma osteotomies	1.3	—
Bellinga et al.¹¹	Retrospective	Spain	Single center	2010–2015	200	Upper, middle, lower	Rhinoplasty, forehead reconstruction, lip lift	2.1	18.8 mo
Capitán et al.¹²	Retrospective	Spain	Single center	2008–2014	214	Upper, lower	Forehead reconstruction, genioplasty, gonial angle osteotomy, jaw recontouring	1.8	28 mo
Capitán et al.¹³	Retrospective	Spain	Single center	2012–2015	65	Upper	Forehead reconstruction, hair transplantation	2	26 mo
Chou et al.¹⁴	Retrospective	The United States	Single center	2016–2018	121	Upper, middle, lower, neck	Scalp advancement, cranioplasty, brow lift, rhinoplasty, upper lip lift, mandibuloplasty, chondrolaryngoplasty	4.9	2.2 mo
Garcia-Rodriguez et al.¹⁵	Retrospective	The United States	Single center	2018	29	Upper	Hairline advancement, brow lift, galeotomy, frontal cranioplasty	Multiple	—
Gupta et al.¹⁶	Retrospective	The United States	Single center	2005–2017	25	Upper, middle, lower	Rhytidectomy, forehead contouring, cheek implants, rhinoplasty, mandible contouring	3	5.2 mo
Hoenig¹⁷	Retrospective	Germany	Single center	36-mo period	21	Upper	Frontal cranial vaultplasty	1	18 mo
Hage et al.¹⁸	Retrospective	Netherlands	Single center	1985–1996	22	Middle	Rhinoplasty	1	30 mo
Khafif et al.¹⁹	Prospective	Israel	Single center	2019	4	Neck	Chondrolaryngoplasty	1	2 mo
La Padula et al.²⁰	Retrospective	France	Single center	2015–2018	25	Upper, middle, lower, neck	Frontal bone grinding, hairline advancement, rhinoplasty, malar implant, malar osteotomy, facial lipofilling, mandibular angle grinding, masseter muscle resection, mandibular angle implants, upper lip lift, orthognathic surgery, genioplasty, cervical liposuction, reduction laryngoplasty	7.6	—
Lipschitz et al.²¹	Retrospective	Israel	Single center	2006–2015	27	Neck	Thyroid chondroplasty, cricothyroid approximation	1.6	2.7 mo
Morrison et al.⁸	Prospective	The United States	Multicenter	—	66	Upper, middle, lower, neck	Hairline lowering, hair transplantation, brow contouring, brow/frontal sinus setback, genioplasty, mandibular contouring, rhinoplasty, thyroid cartilage reduction, lip lift, brow lift, face lift, otoplasty, blepharoplasty, fat grafting	4.2	—
Raffaini et al.²²	Retrospective	Italy	Single center	2003–2013	33	Upper, middle, lower, neck	Rhinoplasty, mandibular reshaping, genioplasty, orthognathic surgery, frontal bone reshaping, tracheal shave, midface lift, liposuction of neck, fat grafting to lip and zygoma, prosthesis removal	5.5	24 mo
Raffaini et al.²³	Retrospective	Italy	Single center	2003–2017	9	Upper, middle, lower, neck	Mandible contouring, genioplasty, chin osteotomy, lipofilling of lips, frontal bone grinding, brow lift, canthoplexy, scalp advancement, rhinoplasty, malar/cheek lipofilling, laryngochondroplasty, cervical fat removal	Multiple	15 mo
Salgado et al.²⁴	Retrospective	The United States	Single center	—	4	Upper, middle	Frontal bone reduction, reduction rhinoplasty	2	21 mo
Shams and Motamedi²⁵	Retrospective	Iran	Single center	1990–2007	10	Upper, middle, lower, neck	Reduction genioplasty, total mandibular angle and body reduction, maxillomandibular osteotomy, zygoma advancement, reduction rhinoplasty, forehead feminization, chondroplasty	6	—
Tang²⁶	Retrospective	The United States	Multicenter	2016–2020	91	Neck	Laryngochondroplasty	1	20.7 mo
Tawa et al.²⁷	Prospective	France	Single center	2018–2019	45	Upper, lower	Frontal bone osteotomy, mandibular osteotomy, genioplasty	3	5.1 mo
Telang²⁸	Retrospective	India	Single center	2016–2019	220	Upper, middle, Lower, neck	Forehead contouring, orbital shave, hairline advancement, rhinoplasty, blepharoplasty, cheek augmentation, jaw shave, gonial angle shave, chin reduction, tracheal shave, lip lift and augmentation, neck lift	6.3	40 mo
Villepelet et al.,²⁹	Retrospective	France	Single center	2011–2014	8	Upper	Frontal remodeling, orbital remodeling, canthopexy	1	12.4 mo

Describes type of study, patient cohort size, facial procedures described, and average number of procedures performed per patient. Twenty-two studies were included reporting a range of 4 to 220 patients.