. 2022 Mar 3;10:822761. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.822761

Table 3.

Simple and multiple linear regression on emotional and behavior problems of all children surveyed.

Variable	Model 1 ^b						Model 2 ^c
	Internalizing problems		Externalizing problems		Total problems		Internalizing problems		Externalizing problems		Total problems
	β	95% CI of B	β	95% CI of B	β	95% CI of B	β	95% CI of B	β	95% CI of B	β	95% CI of B
Type of children
Firstborn	−2.160^**	−2.761, −1.558	−1.093^**	−1.710, −0.477	−6.186^**	−8.256, −4.116	−1.659^**	−2.284, −1.035	−0.661^*	−1.315, 0.007	−4.189^**	−6.214, −2.164
Only children^a
Age of children	0.169^*	0.005, 0.334	−0.102	−0.268, 0.064	−0.089	−0.651, 0.474	−0.009	−0.171, 0.154	-	-	-	-
Children gender
Male	0.523	−0.081, 1.128	2.089^**	1.491, 2.687	5.760^**	3.719, 7.802	-	-	1.939^**	1.380, 2.497	4.908^**	3.045, 6.772
Female^a
Type of temperament
Difficult to raise	4.398^**	3.308, 5.487	4.148^**	3.033, 5.263	17.005^**	13.290, 20.721	3.085^**	2.004, 4.166	2.336^**	1.255, 3.417	10.937^**	7.332, 14.542
Slow development	3.968^**	2.911, 5.025	2.613^**	1.530, 3.695	11.960^**	8.354, 15.566	2.819^**	1.778, 3.860	1.303^*	0.267, 2.340	7.422^**	3.965, 10.878
Easy to raise^a
Age of mother	0.057	−0.018, 0.131	−0.045	−0.120, 0.030	−0.061	−0.317, 0.194	-	-	-	-	-	-
Family type
Nuclear family	0.014	−0.635, 0.662	−0.431	−1.084, 0.223	−1.035	−3.251, 1.181	-	-	-	-	-	-
Extended family^a
The upbringing and education of children
Parenting and grand parenting	0.45	−1.615, 2.215	0.902	−1.180, 2.984	2.864	−4.195, 9.924	-	-	-	-	-	-
Parenting	0.016	−1.957, 1.988	0.525	−1.464, 2.514	1.485	−5.258, 8.228	-	-	-	-	-	-
Grand parenting^a
Family financial pressure
Medium pressure	1.121^**	0.354.1.887	1.099^**	0.327, 1.871	4.141^**	1.528, 6.754	0.797^*	0.068, 1.527	0.581	−0.140, 1.302	2.556^*	0.153, 4.960
Higher pressure	2.216^**	1.365, 3.066	2.372^**	1.515, 3.228	8.436^**	5.536, 11.336	0.944^*	0.113, 1.774	1.077^*	0.253, 1.902	3.469^*	0.718, 6.221
Less pressure^a
Father education
College and undergraduate	1.891^**	0.636, 3.147	1.503^*	0.234, 2.773	6.622^**	2.333, 10.910	0.74	−0.607, 2.087	0.427	−0.914, 1.768	2.636	−1.836, 7.109
Senior high school	2.109^**	0.783, 3.435	1.472^*	0.131, 2.813	7.166^**	2.635, 11.697	0.303	−1.198, 1.805	0.116	−1.377, 1.609	1.548	−3.432, 6.528
Junior high school and below	3.034^**	1.596, 4.473	2.445^**	0.991, 3.900	10.934^**	6.020, 15.848	0.666	−1.018, 2.349	0.696	−0.979, 2.371	3.962	−1.624, 9.548
Master degree or above^a
Mother education
College and undergraduate	1.803^*	0.227, 3.380	1.539	−0.053, 3.132	6.197^*	0.808, 11.587	0.873	−0.811, 2.556	0.771	−0.904, 2.446	2.367	−3.221, 7.955
Senior high school	2.600^**	0.974, 4.226	2.347^**	0.704, 3.989	9.493^**	3.934, 15.052	1.191	−0.619, 3.001	1.065	−0.735, 2.866	3.501	−2.505, 9.508
Junior high school and below	2.771^**	1.014, 4.528	1.394	−0.380, 3.169	7.195^*	1.188, 13.201	1.043	−0.953, 3.040	−0.267	−2.247, 1.713	−0.486	−7.092, 6.119
Master degree or above^a
Parental relationship
Relatively good	1.737^**	1.075, 2.399	1.312^**	0.643, 1.981	5.361^**	3.097, 7.624	0.391	−0.341, 1.123	−0.281	−1.009, 0.446	−0.214	−2.640, 2.212
General	2.095^**	1.202, 2.989	2.394^**	1.491, 3.297	8.034^**	4.980, 11.089	−0.643	−1.725, 0.439	−0.589	−1.665, 0.486	−3.007	−6.595, 0.582
Very good^a
Father-child relationship
Relatively good	1.756^**	1.099, 2.412	2.026^**	1.366, 2.686	7.199^**	4.969, 9.429	0.359	−0.426, 1.144	0.753	−0.028, 1.533	2.544	−0.060, 5.147
General	2.791^**	1.717, 3.866	2.829^**	1.749, 3.909	10.531^**	6.880, 14.182	0.908	−0.355, 2.172	0.439	−0.819, 1.696	2.709	−1.486, 6.904
Very good^a
Mother-child relationship
Relatively good	2.448^**	1.757, 3.138	2.501^**	1.808, 3.194	8.871^**	6.523, 11.220	0.956^*	0.150, 1.763	1.300^**	0.500, 2.099	3.673^**	1.006, 6.340
General	4.261^**	2.581, 5.941	5.107^**	3.420, 6.793	16.243^**	10.527, 21.959	2.030^*	0.274, 3.787	3.323^**	1.581, 5.066	8.561^**	2.749, 14.373
Very good^a
Family atmosphere
Comparative harmony	2.205^**	1.500, 2.910	2.505^**	1.798, 3.211	8.958^**	6.575, 11.342	1.219^**	0.511, 1.926	1.401^**	0.698, 2.103	4.907^**	2.564, 7.250
General	4.097^**	3.052, 5.143	4.471^**	3.423, 5.519	16.427^**	12.893, 19.960	2.006^**	0.810, 3.202	2.327^**	1.138, 3.516	8.624^**	4.658, 12.590
Very harmonious^a
Father's parenting style
Authoritarian	1.480^**	0.686, 2.273	1.257^**	0.465, 2.048	5.671^**	2.992, 8.351	0.478	−0.309, 1.266	0.338	−0.446, 1.122	1.94	−0.674, 4.554
Permissive	1.955^**	0.926, 2.985	3.127^**	2.100, 4.154	9.883^**	6.404, 13.361	1.007^*	−0.002, 2.015	2.511^**	1.519, 3.503	6.881^**	3.573, 10.190
Neglecting	2.134^**	1.066, 3.202	2.887^**	1.821, 3.952	10.279^**	6.671, 13.887	−0.006	−1.172, 1.160	1.101	−0.059, 2.262	2.946	−0.925, 6.817
Democratic^a
Mother's parenting style
Authoritarian	1.898^**	1.096, 2.701	2.135^**	1.325, 2.945	7.730^**	4.997, 10.463	0.515	−0.291, 1.322	0.692	−0.111, 1.495	2.341	−0.337, 5.020
Permissive	1.695^**	0.481, 2.909	1.621^**	0.397, 2.846	7.396^**	3.264, 11.528	0.238	−0.938, 1.415	0.207	−0.962, 1.376	1.784	−2.114, 5.682
Neglecting	3.488^**	1.298, 5.678	2.092	−0.118, 4.301	9.953^**	2.497, 17.409	2.041	−0.098, 4.180	−0.592	−2.724, 1.539	1.643	−5.467, 8.753
Democratic^a

Reference group.

Model 1 is simple linear regression on emotional and behavior problems of object children.

Model 2 is multiple linear regression on emotional and behavior problems of all children, adjusted the factors with statistical differences in model 1 (Internalizing problems adjusted factors: type and age of children, type of temperament, family financial pressure, father and mother education, parental, father-child and mother-child relationship, family atmosphere, parenting style.

Externalizing and total problems adjusted factors: type and gender of children, type of temperament, family financial pressure, father and mother education, parental, father-child, and mother-child relationship, family atmosphere, parenting style). No data is available because the corresponding variables are not included in the analysis.

p < 0.05;

^**

p < 0.01.