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. 2022 Mar 17;17(3):e0264321. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0264321

Table 6. Energy expenditure, respiratory quotient, and area under the curve for respiratory quotient of post-gonadectomy kittens supplemented with additional choline at 300 mg/kg BW0.75 (CHOLINE, n = 8) for 12 weeks compared to a group fed only the base diet (CONTROL, n = 7).

Week CHOLINE (n = 8) CONTROL (n = 7) P-Values
LSM SEM LSM SEM PGroup PTime PGroup*Time
EE Fasted (kcal/kg BW) -1 25.50 2.47 25.45 2.65 0.114 0.123 0.681
12 21.19 18.18
 Adjusted for FI EE Fasted § -1 25.56 3.06 25.47 3.28 0.626 0.092 0.644
12 21.17 18.10
 Adjusted for BW EE Fasted ‡ -1 25.10 4.06 24.97 5.04 0.671 0.461 0.704
12 21.49 18.77
EE Fed (kcal/kg BW) -1 28.75 2.32 31.15 2.48 0.976 0.004 0.453
12 20.33 17.84
 Adjusted for FI EE Fed § -1 26.68 3.05 31.36 3.27 0.541 0.011 0.407
12 19.75 19.02
 Adjusted for BW EE Fed ‡ -1 28.94 4.15 33.86 5.16 0.715 0.049 0.304
12 18.17 15.75
RQ Fasted -1 0.75 0.01 0.75 0.01 0.664 0.014 0.856
12 0.78 0.78
 Adjusted for FI RQ Fasted § -1 0.74 0.01 0.76 0.01 0.198 0.011 0.923
12 0.77 0.79
 Adjusted for BW RQ Fasted ‡ -1 0.76 0.01 0.78 0.01 0.432 0.908 0.468
12 0.76 0.77
RQ Fed -1 0.82 0.01 0.82 0.01 0.425 0.564 0.516
12 0.82 0.83
 Adjusted for FI RQ Fed § -1 0.82 0.01 0.82 0.01 0.284 0.208 0.464
12 0.82 0.84
 Adjusted for BW RQ Fed ‡ -1 0.82 0.01 0.82 0.01 0.688 0.245 0.911
12 0.82 0.83
AUCRQ Pre-Prandial (RQ*min) -1 43.45 2.25 42.12 2.10 0.388 0.733 0.148
12 39.38 44.69
AUCRQ Feeding Time 1 (0–120 min) (RQ*min) -1 91.21c 0.98 91.48 0.92 0.965 <0.0001 0.817
12 96.84d 96.66
AUCRQ Feeding Time 2 (0–120 min) (RQ*min) -1 95.52 2.57 97.50 2.40 0.282 0.450 0.710
12 96.50 100.35
AUCRQ Feeding Time 3 (0–120 min) (RQ*min) -1 109.96 6.48 102.39 5.71 0.732 0.190 0.125
12 92.78 103.87
AUCRQ 120–360 min (RQ*min) -1 183.41 2.73 183.93 2.73 0.234 0.005 0.303
12 170.92 177.51
AUCRQ 360–720 min (RQ*min) -1 274.18 10.08 274.30 9.43 0.821 0.971 0.812
12 276.92 271.30

AUCRQ, area under the curve for respiratory quotient; BW, body weight; EE, energy expenditure; FI, food intake; LSM, least square means; RQ, respiratory quotient; SEM, standard error of the mean

§ Food intake at time of calorimetry used as a covariate

‡ Body weight at time of calorimetry used as a covariate