Table 2. Antimicrobial resistance patterns of Enterobacteriaceae among food handlers at the University of Gondar Comprehensive Specialized Hospital and students’ Cafeterias, Northwest Ethiopia, February to June 2021.
| Classes | Antibiotics | E. coli (N = 245) | K. pneumoniae (N = 68) | E. cloacae (N = 9) | C.freundii (N = 13) | P.mirabilis (N = 2) | Providencia species (N = 3) | M.morganii (N = 3) | Serratia species (N = 4) | Total R (%) | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| S (N (%)) | R (N (%) | S (N (%) | R (N (%) | S (N (%) | R (N (%) | S (N (%) | R (N (%) | S (N (%) | R (N (%) | S (N (%) | R (N (%) | S (N (%) | R (N (%) | S N (%) | R (N (%) | |||
| Aminoglycosides | GEN | 161(65.7) | 84 (34.3) | 37(54) | 31(46) | 8(89) | 1(11) | 9 (69.2) | 4 (30.8) | 2(100) | 0 | 2(67) | 1(33) | 3(100) | 0 | 2(50) | 2(50) | 123(35.5) |
| Beta-lactam combination group | AUG | 106(43) | 139(57) | 30(44) | 38(56) | 2(22) | 7(78) | 4(31) | 9(69) | 1(50) | 1(50) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 1(25) | 3(75) | 199(57.3) |
| Beta-lactams | CAZ | 188(77) | 57(23) | 51(75) | 17(25) | 9(100) | 0 | 9(69) | 4(31) | 2(100) | 0 | 2(67) | 1(33) | 3(100) | 0 | 2(50) | 2(50) | 81(23.3) |
| CRO | 192(78) | 53(22) | 50(73) | 18(27) | 7(78) | 2(22) | 10(77) | 3(23) | 1(50) | 1(50) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 3(75) | 1(25) | 80(23) | |
| CXT | 121(90) | 24(10) | 65(96) | 3(4) | 9(100) | 0 | 13(100) | 0 | 2(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 4(100) | 0 | 27(7.8) | |
| CTX | 196(80) | 49(20) | 51(75) | 17(25) | 9(100) | 0 | 10(77) | 3(23) | 2(100) | 0 | 2(67) | 1(33) | 3(100) | 0 | 3(75) | 1(25) | 71(20.5) | |
| Carbapenems | MER | 233(95) | 12(5) | 62(91) | 6(9) | 9(100) | 0 | 13(100) | 0 | 2(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 4(100) | 0 | 18(5) |
| Fluoroquinolones | CIP | 187(76.3) | 58(23.7) | 42(62) | 26(38) | 6(67) | 3(33) | 6(46.2) | 7(53.8) | 2(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 2(67) | 1(33) | 2(50) | 2(50) | 97(28) |
| Phenicols | CHL | 208(84.9) | 37(15.1) | 62(91) | 6(9) | 9(100) | 0 | 13(100) | 0 | 2(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 3(100) | 0 | 3(75) | 1(25) | 44(12.7) |
| Sulfonamides | SXT | 117(48) | 128(52) | 28(41) | 40(59) | 8(89) | 1(11) | 4(31) | 9(69) | 1(50) | 1(50) | 1(33) | 2(67) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 1(25) | 3(75) | 185(53.3) |
| Tetracycline | TE | 89(36) | 156(64) | 28(41) | 40(59) | 8(89) | 1(11) | 3(23) | 10(77) | 0 | 2(100) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 2(67) | 1(33) | 2(50) | 2(50) | 212(61.1) |
Key: S = Sensitive, R = Resistance, AUG = Augmentin/Amoxicillin/clavulanic acid; SXT = Sulphamethoxazole-trimethoprim; TE = Tetracycline; CIP = Ciprofloxacin; CHL = Chloramphenicol; GEN = Gentamycin; CXT = Cefoxitin; CRO = Ceftriaxone; CAZ = Ceftazidime; CTX = cefotaxime, MER = Meropenem.