Table 3. Association between blood pressure variability and incident stroke, ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and unspecified stroke using different lag periods.

Lag period (years)	Any stroke			Ischemic stroke			Hemorrhagic stroke			Unspecified stroke
	n/N	HR (95% CI)	p-Value	n/N	HR (95% CI)	p-Value	n/N	HR (95% CI)	p-Value	n/N	HR (95% CI)	p-Value
SBP variability
3	541/7,241	1.29 (1.21–1.36)	<0.001	351/7,241	1.15 (1.04–1.25)	0.01	56/7,241	1.27 (0.99–1.52)	0.06	134/7,241	1.56 (1.44–1.68)	<0.001
6	212/4,862	1.47 (1.35–1.59)	<0.001	133/4,862	1.32 (1.18–1.46)	<0.001	15/4,862	1.66 (1.26–2.05)	0.01	64/4,862	1.59 (1.43–1.76)	<0.001
9	118/1,593	1.38 (1.24–1.51)	<0.001	78/1,593	1.30 (1.11–1.49)	0.01	11/1,593	1.49 (1.15–1.82)	0.02	29/1,593	1.32 (1.07–1.57)	0.03
DBP variability
3	541/7,238	1.21 (1.13–1.29)	<0.001	351/7,238	1.10 (0.99–1.21)	0.09	56/7,238	1.10 (0.85–1.36)	0.46	134/7,238	1.48 (1.35–1.62)	<0.001
6	212/4,859	1.32 (1.20–1.44)	<0.001	133/4,859	1.20 (1.04–1.36)	0.02	15/4,859	1.14 (0.64–1.64)	0.63	64/4,859	1.56 (1.35–1.76)	<0.001
9	118/1,591	1.21 (1.04–1.37)	0.02	78/1,591	1.12 (0.91–1.32)	0.29	11/1,591	0.91 (0.40–1.42)	0.73	29/1,591	1.55 (1.24–1.85)	<0.001

The estimates represent the HR of incident stroke per standard deviation increase of systolic or diastolic blood pressure variability. Values in bold are statistically significant. Adjusted for age, sex, mean SBP or DBP, and propensity score. CI, confidence interval; DBP, diastolic blood pressure; HR, hazard ratio; n, number of participants with incident stroke; N, total number of participants at risk; SBP, systolic blood pressure.