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. 2022 Mar 18;39(1):401–429. doi: 10.1007/s10899-022-10109-7

Table 1.

Descriptive statistics for Year 3 (N = 3,927)

Valid n Mean/Percent (n) SD Median Minimum Maximum
PPS: behavior 3341 6.20 1.02 6.57 1 7
PPS: gambling literacy 3193 6.12 1.08 6.67 1 7
Understanding of gambling concepts 3048 5.48 1.43 6 0 7
Use of RG strategies 3083 3.49 1.26 4 0 6
General GameSense awareness 2984 11.33 (338)
GameSense component awareness 2984 0.24 0.81 0 0 4
Overall summed GameSense engagement 2984 0.02 0.16 0 0 2
Gambling Breadth (number of different gambling games) 3545 1.97 1.11 2 0 7
Gambling Frequency 3545
I never gamble 0.71 (25)
Less than once a month 43.22 (1532)
Once a month 29.62 (1050)
Once a week 13.26 (470)
A few times per week 11.37 (403)
Daily 1.83 (65)
Gender 2704
Male 54.29 (1468)
Female 43.64 (1180)
Self-identify 2.07 (56)
Age 2810
21 to 25 1.1 (31)
26 to 34 5.52 (155)
35 to 44 15.55 (437)
45 to 54 20.60 (579)
55 to 64 28.15 (791)
65 to 74 23.67 (665)
75 and Up 5.41 (152)
Race/Ethnicity 3823
White/Caucasian 55.60 (2126)
Hispanic 4.24 (162)
Black/African American 5.96 (228)
Native American 0.42 (16)
Asian 3.06 (117)
Pacific Islander 0.42 (16)
Other 1.20 (46)
2 or more races/ethnicities 2.09 (80)
No race/ethnicity identified 27.00 (1032)
Educational attainment 2838
Some high school or lower 1.30 (37)
High school graduate or equivalent 12.72 (361)
Some college 27.45 (779)
Associate’s degree 12.40 (352)
Bachelor’s degree 27.38 (777)
Graduate degree or higher 18.75 (532)
Number of MGM properties visited 3868 3.14 2.88 2 0 16

Race/ethnicity was collected as a multiple response variable. Descriptive statistics are reported for Year 1 in Gray, LaPlante, et al. (2021) and Year 2 in Louderback, Gray, et al. (2021). PPS = Positive Play Scale. RG = Responsible gambling. SD = Standard Deviation