Table 3. Factors associated with elevated troponin levels on presentation.

N: Number of patients; COPD: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; URT: Upper respiratory tract.

Variables		Normal troponin		Elevated troponin		P-value
		N	(%)	N	(%)
Age	18-35 years	17	(81.0)	4	(19.0)	0.245
	36-50 years	41	(80.4)	10	(19.6)
	51-65 years	73	(79.3)	19	(20.7)
	>65 years	33	(66.0)	17	(34.0)
Gender	Male	110	(74.3)	38	(25.7)	0.232
	Female	54	(81.8)	12	(18.2)
Charlson Comorbidity Index	0-1	74	(83.1)	15	(16.9)	0.022
	2-3	67	(77.0)	20	(23.0)
	≥4	23	(60.5)	15	(39.5)
Comorbidities	Hypertension	68	(71.6)	27	(28.4)	0.118
	Diabetes mellitus	69	(71.9)	27	(28.1)	0.138
	Ischemic heart disease	15	(75.0)	5	(25.0)	0.856
	Asthma/COPD	19	(86.4)	3	(13.6)	0.255
	Chronic kidney disease	4	(36.4)	7	(63.6)	0.004
	Malignancy	2	(100.0)	0	(0.0)	1.000
Presenting symptoms	Fever	92	(78.6)	25	(21.4)	0.448
	Dyspnea	107	(75.9)	34	(24.1)	0.719
	Cough	86	(78.2)	24	(21.8)	0.582
	Nausea/Vomiting	21	(87.5)	3	(12.5)	0.182
	Fatigue	18	(85.7)	3	(14.3)	0.301
	Diarrhea	15	(100.0)	0	(0.0)	0.027
	Abdominal pain	17	(94.4)	1	(5.6)	0.062
	Headache	12	(100.0)	0	(0.0)	0.049
	Myalgia	5	(100.0)	0	(0.0)	0.212
	URT symptoms	10	(90.9)	1	(9.1)	0.251
	Loss of taste or smell	5	(83.3)	1	(16.7)	0.694
Duration of symptoms	1 day	23	(67.6)	11	(32.4)	0.115
	2-3 days	49	(83.1)	10	(16.9)
	4-7 days	52	(81.3)	10	(16.9)
	> 7 days	28	(66.7)	14	(33.3)
Vital signs	Heart rate >100 bpm	66	(71.7)	24	(19.3)	0.142
	Respiratory rate >20 bpm	103	(70.1)	44	(29.9)	0.001
	Temperature ≥38°	44	(77.2)	13	(22.8)	0.908
	Oxygen saturation <95%	77	(74.0)	27	(26.0)	0.384