Table 1.
Cohort demographics and clinical features.
| Indolent, non-dysplastic | Dysplastic | BE adjacent to EAC | Pre-progressor | p-value indolent vs dysplastic | p-value indolent vs pre-progressor | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number of patients | 28 | 62 | 47 | 12 | ||
| Patient dysplasia grade | ND | (LGD: 16, HGD: 25, IMC: 21) | NA | ND | ||
| Time between ND biopsy and future dysplasia in months, median (range) | NA | NA | NA | 42.5 (15–100) | ||
| Gender, M:F | 3.7:1 | 4.2:1 | 6.8:1 | 3:1 | 0.78 | 1 |
| Male | 22 | 50 | 41 | 9 | ||
| Female | 6 | 12 | 6 | 3 | ||
| Age in years, median (range) | 76 (31–83) | 69 (39–86) | 67 (49–84) | 61 (43–77) | 0.43 | 0.034a |
| BMI, median (range) | 28.8 (23.2–43.9) | 28.9 (13.5–40.9) | 28.1 (20.3–38.8) | 27.8 (24.6–34.8) | 0.86 | 0.67 |
| NA | 4 | 2 | 9 | 1 | ||
| Maximum length BE segment in cm, median (range) | 5 (2–12) | 6 (0.5–18) | Not recorded | 4.5 (3–14) | 0.56 | 0.84 |
| Ethnicity | ||||||
| White British | 26 | 55 | 36 | 10 | ||
| White other | 1 | 1 | 1 | 2 | ||
| Pakistani | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | ||
| NA | 1 | 5 | 10 | 0 | ||
| Smoker | ||||||
| Y, n (%) | 10 (45.5%) | 39 (81.3%) | 30 (71.4%) | 5 (62.5%) | 0.004 | 0.68 |
| N | 12 | 9 | 12 | 3 | ||
| NA | 6 | 14 | 5 | 4 | ||
| PPI | ||||||
| Y, n (%) | 26 (92.8%) | 59 (96.7%) | 31 (77.5%) | 12 (100%) | 0.59 | 1 |
| N | 2 | 2 | 9 | 0 | ||
| NA | 0 | 1 | 7 | 0 | ||
| NSAID | ||||||
| Y | 10 (38.4%) | 20 (32.7%) | 6 (37.5%) | 1 (8.3%) | 0.63 | 0.12 |
| N | 16 | 41 | 10 | 11 | ||
| NA | 2 | 1 | 31 | 0 | ||
| Surveillance pre-study sample in months, median (range) | 109 (5–233) | 3 (0–193) | NA | 48 (0–141) | ||
| Follow-up post-study sample in months, median (range) | 38.5 (0–116) | 35 (0–127) | NA | 92 (26–119) | ||
| Total patient surveillance in months, median (range) | 139 (44–258) | 57 (0–249) | NA | 154 (50–248) | ||
Statistical comparisons were made between indolent and dysplastic, and indolent and pre-progression groups. There were significantly more smokers (p-value = 0.004) in the dysplastic vs. indolent groups. p-values calculated using Fisher’s exact test for categorical variables and t-test (two-sided) for continuous variables.
BMI body mass index, PPI proton pump inhibitor, NSAID non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs, ND non-dysplastic, LGD low-grade dysplasia, HGD high-grade dysplasia, IMC intramucosal carcinoma, NA not applicable, % given exclude NA patients.
aThe only significantly different variable between the indolent and pre-progressor cases was the age, with the pre-progressor cases being younger. However, this was likely due to the requirement to use a sample from early in the follow-up for pre-progressor cases.
Surveillance in months, prior to the sequenced sample, and follow-up in months after the study sample are given separately.