Fig. 5.
Cytokines in the BALF. The C57Bl/6 mice were treated with Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus (109 CFU Lr in 300 µL of PBS, orogastric by gavage) for 14 days or one day, before E. coli LPS instillation (0.5 mg/Kg, intranasal). The mice were euthanized 24 h after the LPS, and the BALF was processed according to Materials and Methods. TNF-α (5A); IL-1β (5B); IL-6 (5C); CXCL-1 (5D); TGF-β (5E), and IL-10 (5F). The results are expressed as mean ± SEM ****p < 0.0001; ***p < 0.001; **p < 0.01; *p < 0.05 and ns: non-significant difference.