Table 3.

Strategies and supports used for implementing telerehabilitation sessions.

Workflow process	Considerations and strategies	Corresponding themes
During Chart Review and Scheduling	• Determine salient patient factors regarding appropriateness for telerehabilitation, considering factors such as falls risk, mental health status, caregiver availability, potential equipment needs.	1. Appraising for Self the Feasibility of the Telerehabilitation Modality 2. Availability of Informal, In-Person Support Improves Feasibility of Telerehabilitation
Setting up/Preparation	• Spend time ahead of sessions, if needed, to ensure clinician's skill with the telehealth technologies, including use of secure messaging features. • Create personalized checklists to use as self-prompts to prepare for sessions. • Create templates to guide session planning, observations, and documentation. • Develop written instructions that can be quickly adapted and disseminated to the patient. • Prepare back-up plans for communicating with the patient in the event of technical challenges while connecting via the primary technology application. • Consider and be prepared to support patients' (1) feelings of anxiety regarding not knowing what to expect with telerehabilitation, and (2) challenges around telerehabilitation technology use.	1. Willingness to Give the Telerehabilitation a Chance: A Key Ingredient 2. Role and Workflow Adaptations
Assessment and Intervention Planning	• Assessment: Make plans for substituting roughly equivalent home tasks or observable movements or actions for standardized objective measurement tools when needed. When using standardized measurement tools, consider patients' ability to follow instructions and adequately self-report. • Intervention: Be creative in intervention planning; devise functional intervention activities based on patient's environment, that appeal to patient, and maximize patient engagement. • Be ready to provide written materials and instructions via postal service mail and/or digitally before, during, or immediately following the session. • Coordinate with family members or caregivers so that they can participate in sessions, as appropriate.	1. Creativity and Adaptability: Critical Attributes for Telerehabilitation Providers 2. Role and Workflow Adaptations
During the Session	• Spend time building a therapeutic relationship with the patient virtually to establish rapport. • Support and guide the patient during technical challenges. • Continually engage patients during the session. • Focus and adapt the patient's session within their own context (i.e., unique home environment) and be prepared to use the patient's readily available household items. • Promote the shift toward self-management for Veterans with chronic conditions (e.g., working with the patient to allow them to actively participate and sometimes assist with problem-solving for how to adjust or contextualize assessments and interventions). • Ask family members to help with technology, equipment, and/or safety during sessions while constantly monitoring the patient, family members, and environment for safety concerns during the session. • Consider the patient's receptive communication skills and cognitive capacity for how it may impact the telerehabilitation session. • Provide ample educational materials, guidance, and demonstrations during the session.	1. Creativity and Adaptability: Critical Attributes for Telerehabilitation Providers 2. Adapting Assessments 3. Adapting Interventions 4. Role and Workflow Adaptations 5. Appraising for Self the Feasibility of the Telerehabilitation Modality 6. Availability of Informal, In-Person Support Improves Feasibility of Telerehabilitation 7. Shifts in the Expectations by the Patients and by the Provider
Administrative Supports	• Allocate clinicians extra rooms and quiet spaces to conduct telerehabilitation visits. • Allocate computers and accessories, such as earphones, to ensure privacy of the patient. • Seek assistance from rehabilitation technicians or technology personnel for conducting test calls (i.e., virtual visits) with patients and caregivers prior to the initial scheduled telerehabilitation visit.	1. Willingness to Give Telerehabilitation a Chance: A Key Ingredient